tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-36243390483962689322024-03-13T09:51:58.377+01:00à proposthe blog of the American Translators Association's French Language Divisionà proposhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03893004558708402586noreply@blogger.comBlogger36125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3624339048396268932.post-17780551000401041542012-06-11T20:23:00.000+02:002012-06-11T20:36:56.213+02:00MAKE THE MOST OF YOUR SUMMER VACATION!<div style="text-align: center;">
</div>
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhPK_w-d3H6fIUzcteeMt81W4zYzgF3xYNJkC1EAGBnxoXfjZpmbtqNnxyBFu7Tj6fKO8SIeB021XiEF8dReoj5Aqj7OJ0KtHbaer8JlRtpl2EkougYUefzTJUHStdrYDbHC9P-7LpycpK1/s1600/Vacation2-Image" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; cssfloat: right; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" fba="true" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhPK_w-d3H6fIUzcteeMt81W4zYzgF3xYNJkC1EAGBnxoXfjZpmbtqNnxyBFu7Tj6fKO8SIeB021XiEF8dReoj5Aqj7OJ0KtHbaer8JlRtpl2EkougYUefzTJUHStdrYDbHC9P-7LpycpK1/s200/Vacation2-Image" width="200" /></a><br />
<h3 align="right" style="text-align: left;">
Make the most of your summer vacation – or at least part of it – this year!</h3>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">Summer will arrive on June 20th, less than two weeks from now. Many of you are probably already in vacation thinking and planning mode. As you decide where to go and what to do, why not combine relaxation and travel with some continuing professional education? This summer, there are two wonderful opportunities you might consider: the <em>Université d'été de la traduction financière</em>, to be held in Paris July 11-13, 2012 and <em>Translate in the Townships/On traduit dans l’Estrie</em>, which will take place in Orford, Quebec August 19–22, 2012. Both of these events are particularly designed with French-to-English and English-to-French translators in mind and provide excellent opportunities to learn and to network in terrific locations. I have asked Chris Durban and Grant Hamilton for a brief overview of each event – I hope you will take a look and, perhaps, make one – or both – part of your summer plans.<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhhhKcKrkz22Od4FNvL926VxirPJUUwC8n8pajN8RpiD1YixQC7KJaRm6PQDPUKOGlDaCHE6367jkVFC_xQUpNpmqVSgJgGpH9ns5xAS3BUvzat-QZwa9kJzy6F92c12sC2Mb1sNiS1Wp6A/s1600/Eiffel+Tower.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; cssfloat: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" fba="true" height="168" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhhhKcKrkz22Od4FNvL926VxirPJUUwC8n8pajN8RpiD1YixQC7KJaRm6PQDPUKOGlDaCHE6367jkVFC_xQUpNpmqVSgJgGpH9ns5xAS3BUvzat-QZwa9kJzy6F92c12sC2Mb1sNiS1Wp6A/s200/Eiffel+Tower.JPG" width="200" /></a></span><div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; text-align: left;">
<br />
</div>
<div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif; font-size: small;"><strong>Université d'été de la traduction financière</strong></span></div>
<div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif; font-size: small;"><strong>July 11-13, 2012 in Paris, France</strong></span></div>
<div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><strong>Chris Durban</strong></span></div>
<div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"></span><div style="text-align: left;">
</div>
</div>
<div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; text-align: left;">
<strong>How did the Université d'été de la traduction financière start?</strong><br /><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">It began in 1989 with a "Training day for Financial Translators" at the Paris Stock Exchange. Contacts there were aware that listed companies were having a hard time locating the translation talent they needed; even experienced financial translators often didn't understand exactly how listings or clearing and settlement worked. Many weren't really familiar with the asset management scene, financial reporting requirements or even basic accounting, and I'd discussed this off and on with officials at the Exchange. </span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br /><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">At the same time, I was involved in a language association that needed to raise money for another project. So the first training day at the Exchange was designed to kill two birds with one stone: give motivated translators some direct exposure to expert analysis of stock market processes and strategies, and make some money for the association. It proved popular and over the next few years we continued with an annual training day in Paris until Jackie Reuss suggested moving it to La Rochelle, on France's Atlantic Coast, and making it an SFT event. That was in 2002.</span><br /><br /><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><strong>From one day to three</strong></span><br /><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">For La Rochelle we adopted a three-day format: there's high-speed train service to the town from Paris, but it was still quite a ways to travel for a single day. Since logistics were complicated, we also made it biennial — and went on to meet in La Baule (2004), Paris (2006), Brussels (2008) and Luxembourg (2010). These days attendees come from France and French-speaking Europe, but also other European countries. The UK, of course, but there are 8 or 9 people from North America attending in 2012, and a growing German-language contingent, too.</span><br /><br /><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><strong>The name looks self-explanatory and France has a long tradition of universités d’été for professional groups and political parties, but what are you actually trying to achieve?</strong></span><br /><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">In a nutshell? Help motivated translators get up to speed in various specialist areas of finance and banking—understand the big picture as well as the specifics, the nuts and bolts. </span><br /><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">A word here about speakers: although we sometimes make exceptions for notable translators who are really top experts in specific areas, our presenters are generally heads of companies, strategic leaders in various areas of finance, government officials, and so on. They know their stuff. And once they've talked about their specialty and fielded very pertinent, probing questions from translator attendees, they go back to their companies with a new awareness of the skills that are out there—and how the experts in the room can help them communicate across borders.</span><br /><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><strong>Who organizes it?</strong></span><br /><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">These days the co-organizers are Dominique Jonkers and myself. The most challenging part is putting together the program, locking in the speakers. We brainstorm on who we'd like to hear speak and try to identify hot topics, which often reflects the translations we're doing or colleagues are doing. Members of Dominique’s Financial Translators list also suggest topics they think are interesting and, in some cases, speakers. </span><br /><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">When markets are in turmoil (right now is a good example) it gets even more complicated, since senior bankers and financiers don’t really want to commit to a speaking engagement if a crisis—another one—is likely to materialize.</span><br /><br /><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><strong>Have you made any major changes over the years? </strong></span><br /><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">Since Brussels, we've added a “writing workshop” component where translators separate into language groups and work with expert translators for two or three hours. We've continued that every year since; it's very popular. </span><br /><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">And for the first time ever, this year NYSE Euronext is inviting forty of our attendees to its "Bellroom" to strike the bell in the ceremony that marks the end of trading. That will be on July 13—and is quite an honor!</span><br /><br /><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><strong>Regardless of practical constraints, what would be the dream scenario for a UETF?</strong></span><br /><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">Perhaps to get more people involved in organizing it. The spring is the busiest time of year for more clients, so things do get very hectic. But lots of the registration and admin logistics are now handled by SFT-Services, the new SFT subsidiary set up to organize training, so that’s very positive. </span><br /><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">Over the years we’ve had some very prominent speakers and very enthusiastic participants, and—immodestly, perhaps—I do think UETF is a great model for a specialist translator event.</span><br /><br /><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><strong>From a translator’s perspective, what’s the bottom line? Why attend?</strong></span><br /><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">You learn a lot. You connect up the dots. You get tips for essential reading and add to your network of expert colleagues and potential clients. That last point is worth repeating: lots of business gets done both during and after the université d'été, so it is prime example of how to invest your training money to learn how to do your job better, identify hot topics and link up with people who are looking for good translators.</span><br /><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">For more information — and to register — </span><br /><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><a href="http://www.sft.fr/formation-traduction-universite-dete-de-la-traduction-financiere-uetf.html">http://www.sft.fr/formation-traduction-universite-dete-de-la-traduction-financiere-uetf.html</a> </span><br /><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><br /></span><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg1u_zLqLEE7cF5pbLmKOWP8AAPqbSNLfJaN1_T8cFM3Q7T6VQ5xbB00fDQ_-FFlsyLIfrZT9xit_A9B_SW5d8upSDzJS0oaIAwAdfgHw6Zl5q8HuH0dsVyqQ-G2pk0QjFAF8pRGCoMmpKm/s1600/Quebec-License-Plate" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; cssfloat: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" fba="true" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg1u_zLqLEE7cF5pbLmKOWP8AAPqbSNLfJaN1_T8cFM3Q7T6VQ5xbB00fDQ_-FFlsyLIfrZT9xit_A9B_SW5d8upSDzJS0oaIAwAdfgHw6Zl5q8HuH0dsVyqQ-G2pk0QjFAF8pRGCoMmpKm/s200/Quebec-License-Plate" width="200" /></a></div>
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><div style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><strong></strong></span> </div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><strong>Translate in the Townships/On traduit dans l’Estrie</strong><br /><strong>August 19–22, 2012 in Orford, Quebec</strong><br /><br /><strong>Grant Hamilton</strong><br /></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><strong>Translate in the Townships</strong></span><br /><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">We owe Chris Durban a big vote of thanks—she was the inspiration behind Translate in the Townships. Chris noted the need for specialized training for French-English translators and organized “Translate in the Catskills” in 2009, a 2 ½ day retreat in a bucolic mountain setting. The first edition was so successful that she welcomed us all back to New York again in 2011.</span><br /><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">Translate in the Townships, its successor event, is taking place this August 20-22 in Orford, a resort town in Quebec’s beautiful Eastern Townships. Almost all the instructors from the Catskills are returning, and some new ones are joining us.</span><br /><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">The event has two tracks: one for translators who work into French, and one for translators who work into English. You can consult the English program at <a href="http://translateinthetownships.com/2012-program">http://translateinthetownships.com/2012-program</a> and the French program at <a href="http://ontraduitdanslestrie.com/programme">http://ontraduitdanslestrie.com/programme</a> A common thread to all the sessions is the importance of style in translation in these days of automatic this and machine that.</span><br /><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">With Translate in the Townships, the formula is now in its third edition and second country. The hope is to create an ongoing training event that changes venue from year to year, to give French-English translators the opportunity to meet and network, to improve their writing skills, and to better serve the premium market—all in a relaxing country setting.</span><br /><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">To register please go to <a href="http://translateinthetownships.com/registration-is-now-open">http://translateinthetownships.com/registration-is-now-open</a> </span><br /><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><strong>On traduit dans l’Estrie </strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">On traduit dans l’Estrie est la suite aux deux éditions très prisées de la rencontre de langagiers « Translate in the Catskills », tenues en 2009 et 2011 à Maplecrest, dans l’État de New York, à l’initiative de Chris Durban, traductrice autonome établie à Paris.</span><br /><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">Ce nouveau séminaire vise les mêmes objectifs : offrir aux traducteurs anglais-français une formation de pointe dans un décor de rêve. En effet, l’activité se déroule dans la belle région d’Estrie, au Québec, et accueille à quelques noms près les mêmes formateurs.</span><br /><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">On y propose deux volets, un pour traducteurs de langue française et un autre pour traducteurs de langue anglaise. Pour consulter le programme de langue française, cliquez sur <a href="http://ontraduitdanslestrie.com/programme">http://ontraduitdanslestrie.com/programme</a> et pour le programme de langue anglaise, cliquez sur <a href="http://translateinthetownships.com/2012-program">http://translateinthetownships.com/2012-program</a> Les sessions, fort variées, ont un fil conducteur : l’importance en traduction d’une plume exercée en cette ère automatisée à outrance.</span><br /><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">Voilà donc que la formule en est maintenant à sa troisième édition et son deuxième pays. L’objectif est de la pérenniser mais en changeant chaque année de région hôte, pour offrir aux traducteurs anglais-français l’occasion de se rencontrer et d’échanger, de peaufiner leur style et de mieux servir le marché haut de gamme, le tout dans un décor champêtre à souhait.</span><br /><br /><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">Pour s’inscrire, cliquez sur <a href="http://ontraduitdanslestrie.com/la-periode-dinscription-est-maintenant-commencee">http://ontraduitdanslestrie.com/la-periode-dinscription-est-maintenant-commencee</a> </span></div>
</span><br /><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><strong></strong></span> </div>
</div>à proposhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03893004558708402586noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3624339048396268932.post-41862369406844585572012-05-23T22:58:00.002+02:002012-05-23T23:07:18.620+02:00Literary Translation<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7jMcZDU0FS0xTga4_PfQRed8k6VxcSHH9ahhhyphenhyphen-rFxv28Gg7ocLABae29ilCu0kbi7139LpDE_7PKfWNGE9J8D-1Dk46A6bSsesDRfEKzVVjnVNffIFYstWAlHnPedlrCEbW5M5j4qJ9u/s1600/Pecking+Order+Image" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" qba="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7jMcZDU0FS0xTga4_PfQRed8k6VxcSHH9ahhhyphenhyphen-rFxv28Gg7ocLABae29ilCu0kbi7139LpDE_7PKfWNGE9J8D-1Dk46A6bSsesDRfEKzVVjnVNffIFYstWAlHnPedlrCEbW5M5j4qJ9u/s200/Pecking+Order+Image" width="200" /></a> <br />
<h2 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">Translators – Is There a Pecking Order?</span></h2>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"></span><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><em>The Financial Times</em> recently published an article in its ft.com/Life & Arts section on translators and translation entitled "New Word Order". Bearing the tag line: "Translation is an art beset with linguistic pitfalls", it was written by Sam Taylor, who recounts his journey towards becoming a translator, a profession that does not appear to have been on his original list of those "most likely to be pursued". Taylor wanted to be a writer, and had moved to France to do so (his wife is French), learning most of his French "through osmosis". Along the way he came to the realization "as many authors had before me, that novels alone are rarely a sufficient source of income." So, he began to consider translation "as an option." How he managed to make this option a reality, while interesting, is not particularly unusual – many of us, I am sure, know colleagues who arrived at the profession via alternate paths. Perhaps this article could even have been entitled "The Accidental Translator" or "<em>Le Traducteur Malgré Lui</em>" (apologies to Anne Tyler and Molière). However, I perked up when I came to the following: </span></div>
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"></span><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><em>"I am now a full-time translator. Not only literary translation but the more banal, short-deadline work given out by agencies: everything from technical manuals to corporate catalogues to art gallery audio guides. The work can be dull and stressful but it is rarely unpleasant: you can do it in bed, for a start, and it often has the same sort of compulsive fascination as a crossword puzzle. And, unlike writing novels, you get paid every month. <u>Literary translation is, however, by far the most fascinating and prestigious form of translation</u>"</em> [emphasis mine].</span></div>
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"></span><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">As I read this I felt myself becoming both sad and angry for several reasons. First, the fact that author lumps all of the "banal" work that is not literary translation into a single one-translator-fits-all category and that he considers himself equal to the task of doing all of them. Second, by the stereotype that the translator has the option of doing his work in bed (no mention of deadlines or appropriate business attire here – pajamas?), work that can be done only because of its "compulsive fascination", similar to doing crosswords. Third, that, unlike the author of novels, the translator gets paid every month (marketing your skills from bed? – that might be a good workshop presentation). And finally, because it reinforces what I think is the worst prejudice of all about translation: that there is a pecking order of translation, with literary translation being its most prestigious form.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">I hope you will all take the time to read this article and to let me know if your reactions are the same as mine. To access it, please</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">use the following link:</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><a href="http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/2/6d77169a-9f83-11e1-8b84-00144feabdc0.html#axzz1vLh6EPAo">http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/2/6d77169a-9f83-11e1-8b84-00144feabdc0.html#axzz1vLh6EPAo</a>. </span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">Please be sure to post your comments – I hope we will get a good discussion going. And thanks to former <em>A Propos</em> editor Elisabeth Lyman for brining this article to my attention!</span></div>
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"></span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"></span><br />
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">Update on the FLD Blog Translam:</span></h3>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">I am delighted to report that I have received a submission for the English language text to be translated into French – two poems authored by FLD member Jenn Mercer. I have not received any French texts yet. I hope some of you will take the plunge and submit a text (or two) – either poetry or prose. The deadline for submissions is Friday, June 1, 2012.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">Ellen Sowchek,</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">Editor</span></div>à proposhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03893004558708402586noreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3624339048396268932.post-37302465275109217352012-05-15T22:29:00.000+02:002012-05-15T22:29:09.589+02:00THE FLD BLOG TRANSLAM<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgRDAcc601G_T0MWGVIhI3s-W3dShvkuyY_yCtxeqYzVONx1txnv-O4ZnwLVwpuzdOXtZTLk7XQKJJue8W3zIpW87h64Lvd35n11fJ0LqVKgBDw_DDRDnueB05co6egvZhKuGOCRE2Jc1jb/s1600/SLAM-logo.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; cssfloat: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="143" kba="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgRDAcc601G_T0MWGVIhI3s-W3dShvkuyY_yCtxeqYzVONx1txnv-O4ZnwLVwpuzdOXtZTLk7XQKJJue8W3zIpW87h64Lvd35n11fJ0LqVKgBDw_DDRDnueB05co6egvZhKuGOCRE2Jc1jb/s200/SLAM-logo.jpg" width="200" /></a></div>
<h2 style="text-align: left;">
</h2>
<h2 style="text-align: right;">
</h2>
<h2 style="text-align: left;">
ARE YOU GAME?</h2>
<div style="text-align: right;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">A recent article by Larry Rohter in the "Arts Beat" column of the <em>New York Times</em> caught my eye. It was entitled "Translators Get a Slam of Their Own at PEN Festival", and described the translation slam that was held as part of this year's Pen American Center World Voices Festival of International Literature, an annual event held in New York in April.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">This was not the first “translam” to be held by PEN, which had originally borrowed the idea from Metropolis Bleu/Blue Metropolis. Met Bleu, as it is popularly known, is an international literary festival held every year in Montreal, usually in April. Its main focus is current Francophone and Anglophone literature, with the works of writers writing in several other languages also included (Arabic, Italian and Spanish this year). I have had the opportunity to attend Met Bleu for the last six years (disclaimer here – I was also on the program in 2011) and, for me, the translation slam is an absolute "must" event.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">For those of you who have never attended one (there have been a few organized at ATA annual meetings) or who may not know how it works, the basic idea is as follows: a text is given to one or more translators – it can be poetry or prose – usually a few days prior to the event. Each prepares his/her translation and presents it to an audience that includes the author of the text. The author gives feedback, and then the floor is open for input from audience members (many of them translators). This year's Met Bleu version, held on April 22nd, had three authors who were also translators, writing in English, French and Spanish. Each of the three submitted a text – in this case a poem – written in his own language, which was then translated by the other two as follows: the author of the French poem had to translate the English and Spanish poems into French, the author of the Spanish poem had to translate the French and English poems into Spanish, and the author of the English poem had to translate the French and Spanish poems into English. Each poem was first read aloud by the author, then both translators read their versions. All of the texts and translations were projected on a large screen so everyone could follow. The author then gave his feedback, which was followed by a discussion, with audience participation, on some of the finer points of the translation(s). This year, the poems were also made available in advance for those interested in trying their hand at a translation. At the actual event, those wishing to present their version to the audience were invited to come up to the podium and do so - and four people did! </span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">This year's PEN translation slam was slightly different from the Met Bleu version – for those of you who are interested please check out the article in the <em>New York Times</em> at</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><a href="http://artsbeat.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/05/04/translators-get-a-slam-of-their-own-at-pen-festival/">http://artsbeat.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/05/04/translators-get-a-slam-of-their-own-at-pen-festival/</a>. While searching for additional information on the PEN American center website, <a href="http://www.pen.org/">http://www.pen.org/</a>, I discovered that there had once been an attempt to organize an on-line slam. As blog editor, it was an "Aha!” moment for me: why not do an FLD blog translation slam? I am sure there must be some of you whose artistry with words extends beyond translation to writing your own poems or short stories. What I propose is this:</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">1) Authors – please submit a short poem or prose text to be translated, either from French into English or English into French. These should be sent to me directly at <a href="mailto:esowchek@pipeline.com">esowchek@pipeline.com</a>. I will choose one French text and one English text for the slam and post them on this blog.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">2) Translators – once the texts have been posted you will have up to two weeks in which to do the translation(s). Once completed, please submit them by e-mailing them to me directly at <a href="mailto:esowchek@pipeline.com">esowchek@pipeline.com</a>. I will then post them on this blog.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">3) Authors – you will then be asked to give feedback on the translations of your work, using the comment section at the bottom of the blog.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">4) Reader Comments – readers will be able to enter their own comments on the translations in the comments section at the bottom of the blog.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">In order for this to work, we must first have the two texts to be translated. If you would like submit a text, please e-mail it to me at <a href="mailto:esowchek@pipeline.com">esowchek@pipeline.com</a> by <strong>June 1, 2012</strong>. The two texts selected will be posted by June 8, 2012. Once posted, the deadline for submission of translations will be Monday, June 24, 2012.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">I see no reason why this should not be as much fun on-line as it is at a real live slam. Don't be shy - the more participants, the merrier, so please consider taking part.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS;">Ellen Sowchek</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS;">Editor, <em>A Propos</em> blog</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>à proposhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03893004558708402586noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3624339048396268932.post-81276015504079429472012-02-22T21:27:00.000+01:002012-02-22T21:27:36.538+01:00GOOD WRITING<span style="font-family: Times, "Times New Roman", serif;"></span><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEituR7l10FAHYEFH5U0bJbikxIM2eSzRTIZ9QvCb7Rd2e8C8oIkbmpZhKHGJYkonwpm7S9atofMEB7bE-KVd5FiUxkABzJtTX6fiBfw-CEB3jJdFJQBD64P3WxU8lTf5jvbi2A1A27S1bci/s1600/Ellen-FB1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; cssfloat: left; cssfloat: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="200" lda="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEituR7l10FAHYEFH5U0bJbikxIM2eSzRTIZ9QvCb7Rd2e8C8oIkbmpZhKHGJYkonwpm7S9atofMEB7bE-KVd5FiUxkABzJtTX6fiBfw-CEB3jJdFJQBD64P3WxU8lTf5jvbi2A1A27S1bci/s200/Ellen-FB1.jpg" width="187" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Ellen Sowchek, Editor</td></tr>
</tbody></table> <span style="font-family: inherit;"></span><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><em><strong>Greetings and Bienvenue from your new editor!</strong></em></span> <br />
<br />
<br />
First impressions are very important, so I have been trying to find just the right topic with which to begin my inaugural blog posting as editor.<br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: inherit;">While reviewing the many possibilities, I read Grant Hamilton's posting on the FLD list giving some preliminary information for <em>On traduit dans l'Estrie/Translate in the Townships</em>, to be held August 19-23, 2012 in Orford, Quebec. This event, a continuation of <em>Translate in the Catskills</em>, organized by Chris Durban in 2009 and 2011, is a "must attend" for me and as a Catskills double-alumna I am greatly looking forward to it. Although there are many excellent continuing education opportunities for translators, this event is special: great presenters in a collegial environment together with wonderful colleagues, all of whom understand that good writing is a crucial aspect of good translation and a professional skill that merits, and even requires on-going development. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
<span style="font-family: inherit;">Good writing – the perfect topic for a blog!</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
<span style="font-family: inherit;">I would like to begin with a full disclosure: I do not consider myself a "natural" writer. I do not have my own blog, I have never kept a diary, I do not write in a journal, and I have no plans to ever write my memoirs. I am not someone who lives to write (or who must write to live) and I am impressed and even somewhat awed by those who do. That is not me. Writing is hard work and I work very hard to make mine seem "natural" - to give it flow - for this is a quality I feel is essential for any writing to be considered good.</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
<span style="font-family: inherit;">What do I do? One method that has worked for me is to force myself to write – not in my native language, which is American English, but in French, my working language. This may seem counterintuitive, but here is my rationale: as a translator working from French into English, my French comprehension skills are constantly improving, but my French writing skills risk becoming dormant. If I write more – and better – in French, I believe it ultimately improves the quality of my English translations. How do I do this? For the last fifteen years I have participated in an <em>atelier d'écriture</em> – a creative writing workshop in French, conducted by a teacher who is a native French-speaker and a pioneer in using creative writing as a pedagogical tool for language-learning. Our writing is guided: we are asked to write on a given topic, or in a specific genre, or in a particular author's style. Our work is shared, corrected, critiqued and developed. For me, it has been invaluable because it has taught me how to read (and write) a text from the inside out. By creating a text that flows in French, I also improve the quality of my writing in English. Although it takes time, I consider it a well-spent investment in my continuing professional development.</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
<span style="font-family: inherit;">As translators, we follow the cardinal rule of working only into our own native language. Perhaps that is why I am fascinated by the idea of creative writing in a language that is not one's own and particularly by the number of writers who have chosen to do so in French. The first to come to mind is Samuel Beckett, who wrote plays in both English and French. There is Milan Kundera, who wrote his later works in French and then returned to his earlier works and translated them from Czech into French. In recent years, the <em>Prix Goncourt</em>, France's most important literary prize, has been awarded to several non-native speakers writing in French, among them Amin Maalouf (1993 for <em>Le Rocher de Tanios</em>, native language: Arabic), Andreï Makine (1995 for <em>Le Testament français</em>, native language: Russian), Jonathan Littell (2006 for <em>Les Bienveillantes</em>, native language: American English) and Atiq Rahimi (2008 for <em>Syngué sabour: La Pierre de patience</em>, native language: Persian).</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
<span style="font-family: inherit;">Writing in French to improve one's writing in English – this is one approach I have tried. I am sure there are many others worth exploring. Do you have a specific method for improving writing skills that you would like to share? Examples of what is (and is not!) good writing in a translation? Please let me know. I would like this blog to serve as interactive meeting place for FLD members – it is your blog and I hope you will participate in providing its content. Consider it an opportunity to practice your writing skills!</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><em>A très bientôt!</em></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Ellen Sowchek</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times, "Times New Roman", serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<div align="justify"></div></div>à proposhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03893004558708402586noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3624339048396268932.post-41859274807992749352011-06-09T15:31:00.002+02:002011-06-09T15:41:34.377+02:00How Paris Created America<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYEJrzBGUWGlBxCV3iGfYwCk6XEfQaDkd3WK4SPZ6c57-uzcXjqHiW5alS_-91liEzBds3vkjKXB0ap2mMc90rDS1q8zfXjEu5Xru-gmLKjOV5d7y6v2KBa3KBCI0awypAlxrOfZMr3D2c/s1600/Schiff-1305740070045-popup-v2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="190" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYEJrzBGUWGlBxCV3iGfYwCk6XEfQaDkd3WK4SPZ6c57-uzcXjqHiW5alS_-91liEzBds3vkjKXB0ap2mMc90rDS1q8zfXjEu5Xru-gmLKjOV5d7y6v2KBa3KBCI0awypAlxrOfZMr3D2c/s200/Schiff-1305740070045-popup-v2.jpg" width="200" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Illustration: Misprinted Type; photos: Getty Images</td></tr>
</tbody></table><div style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: small;">Read Stacy Schiff's <i>New York Times</i> <a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2011/05/29/books/review/book-review-the-greater-journey-americans-in-paris-by-david-mccullough.html#">review</a> of David McCullough's new book <i>The Greater Journey: Americans in Paris </i>(Simon & Schuster), which explores the intellectual legacy that France settled on its 19th-century visitors.</span></div>à proposhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03893004558708402586noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3624339048396268932.post-73048551645393727262011-04-11T11:35:00.000+02:002011-04-11T11:35:14.538+02:00ATA plans its 52nd annual conference<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">The American Translators Association (ATA) will host its 52nd Annual</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"> Conference in Boston, Massachusetts (October 26-29). This conference</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"> showcases diverse panel discussions, expert presentations, training</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"> workshops, and scholarly papers. Both general and language-specific</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"> sessions will be offered. The conference also offers language</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"> professionals one of the best opportunities to network with</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"> colleagues. Additional conference activities include a Job</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"> Marketplace, a vendor exhibit hall, and ATA certification testing.</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"> For conference information see http://www.atanet.org/conf/2011/</span><br style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;" /><br style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;" /><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">For questions, contact Maggie Rowe, Membership Services Manager.</span><br style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;" /><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Phone: +1-703- 683-6100, extension 3001</span><br style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;" /><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Email: Maggie@atanet.org</span></div>à proposhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03893004558708402586noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3624339048396268932.post-55111675474723439222011-04-05T22:23:00.010+02:002011-04-06T13:57:01.328+02:00Imagine you are a translation graduate<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiA8eagSdHCJYXdBzogkLznWGYQWK9zpL0sbK3k_NkvhQ8C1qCAs4LYAC6QZ2C5E7Niw0Cq3o-icvilQi5TR87x9PiYee1RaUdFxw1Ihhi9brmUDeYWKP02FAKWTCiZw6cNV_4oBoPctzG-/s1600/MP900442364.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" r6="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiA8eagSdHCJYXdBzogkLznWGYQWK9zpL0sbK3k_NkvhQ8C1qCAs4LYAC6QZ2C5E7Niw0Cq3o-icvilQi5TR87x9PiYee1RaUdFxw1Ihhi9brmUDeYWKP02FAKWTCiZw6cNV_4oBoPctzG-/s200/MP900442364.JPG" width="133" /></a></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">“You are about to enter a giant, complex and dynamic organism – the translation industry. But how much do you really know about its internal structure, its individual parts and the way they interact? How much do you really know about its evolution and current trends? How much do you know about translation as a business process?” Read Joanna Gough’s insightful <a href="http://www.translationautomation.com/perspectives/imagine-you-are-a-translation-graduate.html">article</a></span><span style="color: black; font-family: Calibri;"><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;">(originally published by TAUS on January 21, 2011) for an interesting perspective on whether translation courses are preparing students for the business of translation.</span></div>à proposhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03893004558708402586noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3624339048396268932.post-42366310014539096482011-02-05T22:43:00.003+01:002011-02-05T23:08:55.874+01:00Web becomes dictionary with Linguee<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjEbV6mhhddM-cQ0gStd2LAYDvPiJ92hETvmOQi8gCe3A75ajKYcwBwZ-7PFcyEjvpth6dtC8aQpDOvmhc6juN2_IOXjDwIOTJ1OH4Xc1KaAOVujMOmJds9Xtb_mcWUP6160bOY9XQ4aHz4/s1600/lingueeFRBlue.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="83" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjEbV6mhhddM-cQ0gStd2LAYDvPiJ92hETvmOQi8gCe3A75ajKYcwBwZ-7PFcyEjvpth6dtC8aQpDOvmhc6juN2_IOXjDwIOTJ1OH4Xc1KaAOVujMOmJds9Xtb_mcWUP6160bOY9XQ4aHz4/s200/lingueeFRBlue.png" width="200" /></a></div><div style="text-align: justify;">As professional translators, we know how essential it is to consider context when choosing the right translation for a given word or phrase. This is now easier thanks to <a href="http://www.linguee.com/english-french/search">Linguee</a>, a free search service that retrieves sentence pairs from webpages that are available in multiple language versions.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">First launched in 2008 in German and English by co-founders Gereon Frahling and Leo Fink, in September 2010 Linguee added Spanish, French and Portuguese comparisons with English. Frahling and Fink plan to add Japanese, Mandarin Chinese, Russian and Italian later this year.</div><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg7iZUGRf55LH-PSXIjSQsq66lydgC69Hm-6JHocd4pqgSDML0txsBOvMfSP4rTpM5Gf3KXpuT55Ok-wqAb_cBIVzFCilnWyNON0Y1t2d966iFriv55RdwVZBlNW3fZdQG9EaCGF8DXcBbV/s1600/gruender1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg7iZUGRf55LH-PSXIjSQsq66lydgC69Hm-6JHocd4pqgSDML0txsBOvMfSP4rTpM5Gf3KXpuT55Ok-wqAb_cBIVzFCilnWyNON0Y1t2d966iFriv55RdwVZBlNW3fZdQG9EaCGF8DXcBbV/s400/gruender1.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Co-founders Frahling and Fink manage Linguee at its head office in Cologne</td></tr>
</tbody></table><div style="text-align: justify;">Users report that Linguee's appeal lies in the context it provides. <a href="http://www.linguee.com/english-french/page/help.php">Search results</a> are not limited to translations of single words or short phrases, as is usually the case with online dictionaries, glossaries and databases; instead, the service provides the entire sentence in which the item appears, as well as a link to the webpage on which it was found.</div><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">Not every result is reliable, but this is another way in which the context becomes useful: the sentences of dubious quality are easy to spot. Users have the option of <a href="http://www.linguee.com/english-french/page/help.php#bewertung">voting</a> a translation up or down, and can even edit an erroneous translation or suggest one of their own. Each change is verified by Linguee's editorial board and the community before being accepted.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Linguee is a free service supported by advertising. Users who <a href="http://www.linguee.com/english-french/page/contribute.php">create an account</a> (free of charge) get their first 100 search queries free of advertising. And for each translation suggestion or change request they make, they are rewarded with an additional 40 ad-free queries. Registered users can also join in discussions about the translations.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Free search <a href="http://www.linguee.com/english-french/page/tools.php">plugins</a> (for Firefox, Internet Explorer and Mac OS X) and a Mac dashboard widget are also available.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><i>A Propos thanks Sheryl for sharing this on the list, and other list members for their feedback.</i></div><span style="color: white;">0</span>à proposhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03893004558708402586noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3624339048396268932.post-37591079275730196462010-12-23T05:22:00.006+01:002011-02-05T23:08:31.350+01:00Brassens in English<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEix9PfyC7fdThqYJH4-pbCtn61DKsKlNah0YAiALa50l4uRlzyf4Ylug_0nD4eyIQZEoBbOoRpAi_1e41WLFZFsuWMDTzL87qcI1ptT-rdwKjNceNJXMLPTSvbw4GYb7Hud9BzLuZ0ok2x0/s1600/GeorgesBrassenspublicdomaine.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="198" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEix9PfyC7fdThqYJH4-pbCtn61DKsKlNah0YAiALa50l4uRlzyf4Ylug_0nD4eyIQZEoBbOoRpAi_1e41WLFZFsuWMDTzL87qcI1ptT-rdwKjNceNJXMLPTSvbw4GYb7Hud9BzLuZ0ok2x0/s200/GeorgesBrassenspublicdomaine.jpg" width="200" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Georges Brassens (image: G. Bochenek)</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table><div style="text-align: justify;">"Translating his works into English is demanding — and it's discouraged quite a few singers. But now French-American composer Pierre de Gaillande has produced an album of Brassens' songs, titled<i> Bad Reputation</i>." Listen to Scott Simon's <a href="http://www.npr.org/2010/12/18/132112111/the-english-makeover-of-a-french-legend#commentBlock">National Public Radio music interview</a> of December 18, 2010 to hear the results. <i>A Propos thanks Joan for sharing this link!</i></div>à proposhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03893004558708402586noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3624339048396268932.post-21288254367842992932010-12-10T21:30:00.005+01:002010-12-23T05:33:19.190+01:00Translation as Literary Ambassador<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGqmk_XfqOCwS4XaIImwF352GEkLr1e9AtRPtnOo8hKhYJtqvynvRFgxpRUcxlV1ObKbfocvUtcIHGgBN7y6MntkU-thBpyA57CfX7EZcbSqoBi52n39uGLaOPqqaG4Om7SydJjg5u39QW/s1600/translate-2-popup.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGqmk_XfqOCwS4XaIImwF352GEkLr1e9AtRPtnOo8hKhYJtqvynvRFgxpRUcxlV1ObKbfocvUtcIHGgBN7y6MntkU-thBpyA57CfX7EZcbSqoBi52n39uGLaOPqqaG4Om7SydJjg5u39QW/s200/translate-2-popup.jpg" width="200" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Photo: William P. O'Donnell</span><br />
<span style="font-size: xx-small;">for <i>The New York Times</i></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table><div style="text-align: justify;">"Hoping to increase their tiny share of the American book market, foreign governments and foundations are plunging into the publishing fray in the United States." Read Larry Rohter's <a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2010/12/08/books/08translate.html">full article</a> (originally published in the <i>New York Times</i> on December 7, 2010) to learn more.</div>à proposhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03893004558708402586noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3624339048396268932.post-73871663706837953502010-11-25T12:21:00.003+01:002010-12-10T14:44:14.514+01:002010 ATA conference: FLD photo highlights<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3pQHpvButTT43Zkjt5OrNJXC9fiVMXEawg-bQ5uO2TD5LIP7w8ScnEH8TKbf-r2GVnXoMKc75KQ_qiUtIYZdIcVg2C_0cl0AgfdSEjJZ-XhvrE7sJvPYeW6HTgroL8JuujRZSD2QHbMWh/s1600/ATA_Conf_Denver10.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="233" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3pQHpvButTT43Zkjt5OrNJXC9fiVMXEawg-bQ5uO2TD5LIP7w8ScnEH8TKbf-r2GVnXoMKc75KQ_qiUtIYZdIcVg2C_0cl0AgfdSEjJZ-XhvrE7sJvPYeW6HTgroL8JuujRZSD2QHbMWh/s320/ATA_Conf_Denver10.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0TDvnd-i-uT8tTL77-6HQ3fXe8O06IVm5IjQ4oW9fSmXvELH3lLMCC9XDwBsOX-NVg07mD06mPDv92aSW17Kb5sikxeMkm_xoolZEKoG7I9cuSSK5jeA_MajH_32Cur_R_eO1fZxsjgmg/s1600/ATA_Conf_Durban_Cash.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0TDvnd-i-uT8tTL77-6HQ3fXe8O06IVm5IjQ4oW9fSmXvELH3lLMCC9XDwBsOX-NVg07mD06mPDv92aSW17Kb5sikxeMkm_xoolZEKoG7I9cuSSK5jeA_MajH_32Cur_R_eO1fZxsjgmg/s400/ATA_Conf_Durban_Cash.jpg" width="266" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgBH0eL5LApZvhlm0d3UKGoE_xzJJKIGBI9P9VOhlZeEta5t80Fzz8m07FS-KueGD-CDNd7mh9D3IzO80sKD8EfOo7p-BWG4LRZ1I47etBzigq-zSz3G2EYPOunZFS6B55Jcu49a963MhlS/s1600/DSCN0215b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="273" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgBH0eL5LApZvhlm0d3UKGoE_xzJJKIGBI9P9VOhlZeEta5t80Fzz8m07FS-KueGD-CDNd7mh9D3IzO80sKD8EfOo7p-BWG4LRZ1I47etBzigq-zSz3G2EYPOunZFS6B55Jcu49a963MhlS/s320/DSCN0215b.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEin_zYlJpryQUuwgCsTEEvlCaon8DTXi0_HOs1aCNNhheTP0NxbvDW-K_ypsY8ID2VT-ojHPWuW6pYGVN7LN5gYQE1GMyD1Gq_O1_gCQYwAQgLCMWUS33FlZXrxgaBD1fnmYRAGiLPv0INx/s1600/ATA+Denver+Pictures+090c.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="253" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEin_zYlJpryQUuwgCsTEEvlCaon8DTXi0_HOs1aCNNhheTP0NxbvDW-K_ypsY8ID2VT-ojHPWuW6pYGVN7LN5gYQE1GMyD1Gq_O1_gCQYwAQgLCMWUS33FlZXrxgaBD1fnmYRAGiLPv0INx/s320/ATA+Denver+Pictures+090c.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEik_6cZEZnrjrmVedAbnUWDa9M2AzgMoeDG4UG3SFHyGvbO3dGEsc4mRAzFdwzw3b6OVu8ZHYDDZ4A4lOW9s2X1o-8aX-k7lop126neOyH6SPduLvDno86cg_2fM3e2LJzPjPnfMjf3PVxt/s1600/ATA+Denver+Pictures+091b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEik_6cZEZnrjrmVedAbnUWDa9M2AzgMoeDG4UG3SFHyGvbO3dGEsc4mRAzFdwzw3b6OVu8ZHYDDZ4A4lOW9s2X1o-8aX-k7lop126neOyH6SPduLvDno86cg_2fM3e2LJzPjPnfMjf3PVxt/s320/ATA+Denver+Pictures+091b.jpg" width="231" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhat6QdghgqLqZjSKQbuKzkdd0S0Rx_6_htgc0dsAUm6f2gmeRhkP5k4ZjnkFwxrKjpv5OFKBi4wdED5_9NFU5QteJi8oh9rqGQ2y-a_H_nPLc_slvWkK3Rh1A8oosFSAcLZ03nlPE4X3LU/s1600/Denver_2010_HdR2c.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhat6QdghgqLqZjSKQbuKzkdd0S0Rx_6_htgc0dsAUm6f2gmeRhkP5k4ZjnkFwxrKjpv5OFKBi4wdED5_9NFU5QteJi8oh9rqGQ2y-a_H_nPLc_slvWkK3Rh1A8oosFSAcLZ03nlPE4X3LU/s320/Denver_2010_HdR2c.JPG" width="286" /> </a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgUQvZlqn0pqILqCDC-_o61T1C_zeABxTHZtwLXpd5DxpHLY9_xrqQt1FOwsEOib4NBY8Ug9K_MQ2U4azh2EShK7iMBIKJN8KkdNqVT6-ELodgsNotV-1sqNgmPlmGGEtGCcCvz0Tgt3XYL/s1600/CIMG2203b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="238" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgUQvZlqn0pqILqCDC-_o61T1C_zeABxTHZtwLXpd5DxpHLY9_xrqQt1FOwsEOib4NBY8Ug9K_MQ2U4azh2EShK7iMBIKJN8KkdNqVT6-ELodgsNotV-1sqNgmPlmGGEtGCcCvz0Tgt3XYL/s320/CIMG2203b.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJ6whV-Cr-qEF0ehplshj-SGZNgtVznfly4AvO3NUvnnRqYoeciKgpsn_TffrAjQ0-VGqu-PpadenSsn2M8UlcCggz2lwwGjVqNDNgq3D2tEOqeZ0S9BSFMp01kbnKbJesAIFTU9TG50Ff/s1600/CIMG2204b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="223" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJ6whV-Cr-qEF0ehplshj-SGZNgtVznfly4AvO3NUvnnRqYoeciKgpsn_TffrAjQ0-VGqu-PpadenSsn2M8UlcCggz2lwwGjVqNDNgq3D2tEOqeZ0S9BSFMp01kbnKbJesAIFTU9TG50Ff/s320/CIMG2204b.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjC5uSFehVWp5TMYqrqX8aB17DNA3Nqgn_r9zwiq2PNiTcbtScjQgbHpZmHixawC2L-zkR9bM7rORCChZkcOh3v-m1zSQvIwG1a03vCurXTX88aweBMzO_TXhwEPEIlO96_YB8uUSTc4CxF/s1600/CIMG2205b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="231" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjC5uSFehVWp5TMYqrqX8aB17DNA3Nqgn_r9zwiq2PNiTcbtScjQgbHpZmHixawC2L-zkR9bM7rORCChZkcOh3v-m1zSQvIwG1a03vCurXTX88aweBMzO_TXhwEPEIlO96_YB8uUSTc4CxF/s320/CIMG2205b.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiNXf_1hGZhD_mG-R8goZ66ORQ4IhF7NB-roAcqHLNd50oMVAZSltHXCgLTx2XihUBFT-VaM1puHcEbYildAOdClqWFZswood_i5rz8g6cYLRZW1ahzZcCHnudPp1O5SWi4Gd0hsI2sYcZu/s1600/CIMG2206b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiNXf_1hGZhD_mG-R8goZ66ORQ4IhF7NB-roAcqHLNd50oMVAZSltHXCgLTx2XihUBFT-VaM1puHcEbYildAOdClqWFZswood_i5rz8g6cYLRZW1ahzZcCHnudPp1O5SWi4Gd0hsI2sYcZu/s320/CIMG2206b.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjW4MlpMJYW_dFtTraKh34zVPmWp64ICZSR5DXoY8bMLGBOirJoMDOpml3cmIB-tvUz6FjIcXNPK1cg3UmHj64d4Y98hxoVDN1EOfoAEAZ0EoX0jzT7O5QElpZ8r7IY4hXWgh7_qtFPNmPJ/s1600/CIMG2208b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="233" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjW4MlpMJYW_dFtTraKh34zVPmWp64ICZSR5DXoY8bMLGBOirJoMDOpml3cmIB-tvUz6FjIcXNPK1cg3UmHj64d4Y98hxoVDN1EOfoAEAZ0EoX0jzT7O5QElpZ8r7IY4hXWgh7_qtFPNmPJ/s320/CIMG2208b.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhGO7Uf_m0uxE-nljUkX9Ef17Axce4p4PmMXVam3Tk7OnYOIOZiSrUV66enS2NROhBWEJBKwpfB9wevMfKIAZD4FsdT8igqsMsQunbjD0221kq4t2XJ0VByO1Wz3RSUXZ7Pj6vDgwNz59nM/s1600/CIMG2209b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="226" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhGO7Uf_m0uxE-nljUkX9Ef17Axce4p4PmMXVam3Tk7OnYOIOZiSrUV66enS2NROhBWEJBKwpfB9wevMfKIAZD4FsdT8igqsMsQunbjD0221kq4t2XJ0VByO1Wz3RSUXZ7Pj6vDgwNz59nM/s320/CIMG2209b.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDhc6PSLkM-jhJiWkHTlZk25nMEB8bDeesNs41ILbU9dLu7Wak8SEC4Dt_I4uHzDgTM_HK29fgPHeNdPhA0EQ_eHzBGYu3eUtBgo8PT8C3Uh8xlg2jZAVnlKax744ZOBoP4k4WKAfL7j9-/s1600/CIMG2210b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="223" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDhc6PSLkM-jhJiWkHTlZk25nMEB8bDeesNs41ILbU9dLu7Wak8SEC4Dt_I4uHzDgTM_HK29fgPHeNdPhA0EQ_eHzBGYu3eUtBgo8PT8C3Uh8xlg2jZAVnlKax744ZOBoP4k4WKAfL7j9-/s320/CIMG2210b.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg62YSRYFHdPoG_M0QndbyHk-h-yBMzuwbvz_SMiKUlylh9P5LTWA6C_KhMmvk2_Io5Xf2R4yARRaPF43a0_XkSKuPTlpRmOgQjnDCzs4TjYi527GKgJ3NXLav18vyr9dk1vxO4WwYyfdTv/s1600/CIMG2211b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="227" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg62YSRYFHdPoG_M0QndbyHk-h-yBMzuwbvz_SMiKUlylh9P5LTWA6C_KhMmvk2_Io5Xf2R4yARRaPF43a0_XkSKuPTlpRmOgQjnDCzs4TjYi527GKgJ3NXLav18vyr9dk1vxO4WwYyfdTv/s320/CIMG2211b.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbQ_o90vrIc3zCv74UjI70dVFUZ91FLJlA67ZmH0K3_Bg_Db9pqa6kADT4zzobdsr8C7bKkWXTCTt1Un1SXS5Xlh2GkW5Bls6FLJ2UVvpWEuTPJzOLP2avkKyOEpMByeoWk4HXvrq_6ECB/s1600/CIMG2212b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="217" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbQ_o90vrIc3zCv74UjI70dVFUZ91FLJlA67ZmH0K3_Bg_Db9pqa6kADT4zzobdsr8C7bKkWXTCTt1Un1SXS5Xlh2GkW5Bls6FLJ2UVvpWEuTPJzOLP2avkKyOEpMByeoWk4HXvrq_6ECB/s320/CIMG2212b.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhk4WBYZnfHfv7v-gc79juAaZGItZBwXRUkMHR0ekmGIlQsOCskE_rECq8ma8SrsMHbFWXZMuTcHVlT-_AnF_lsVI0XTdhRTSlXmo51t_4gLS9AuIlukUsCGBcZzQFT4BPNCskvtByn4-fa/s1600/CIMG2215b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhk4WBYZnfHfv7v-gc79juAaZGItZBwXRUkMHR0ekmGIlQsOCskE_rECq8ma8SrsMHbFWXZMuTcHVlT-_AnF_lsVI0XTdhRTSlXmo51t_4gLS9AuIlukUsCGBcZzQFT4BPNCskvtByn4-fa/s320/CIMG2215b.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh4uoZzKeqbpaQlpnMBjKCB099zxrgbHAW8kb4vDdD98na5LBY0l2RjCcEX6_dNn-m-e3pYJuoGHtPyBqq5_Vn-6i3z0Fvmvq3OwNYLJ7FGoeJXmZvYESDTJKP7cgMb8WPtUAdLQOdc49G-/s1600/CIMG2216b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="257" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh4uoZzKeqbpaQlpnMBjKCB099zxrgbHAW8kb4vDdD98na5LBY0l2RjCcEX6_dNn-m-e3pYJuoGHtPyBqq5_Vn-6i3z0Fvmvq3OwNYLJ7FGoeJXmZvYESDTJKP7cgMb8WPtUAdLQOdc49G-/s320/CIMG2216b.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjLSgBASWaUTIjUZzR3TQ8aIcMcTVqxw0ajmfM3EQiNC2lmGrgoAi4kzabcGSuFX3Nn1T3yyG2RvriLeFBK-eVtyrDHX4c4yoe-b-nFIV2er5IzkpV81UOyE-7J8fIJFFbAFLWy-a7VJ1f9/s1600/CIMG2218b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjLSgBASWaUTIjUZzR3TQ8aIcMcTVqxw0ajmfM3EQiNC2lmGrgoAi4kzabcGSuFX3Nn1T3yyG2RvriLeFBK-eVtyrDHX4c4yoe-b-nFIV2er5IzkpV81UOyE-7J8fIJFFbAFLWy-a7VJ1f9/s320/CIMG2218b.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiMEk2aaP9e_4RGCN_6bkOTJ_2o53_4xjyGPhyphenhyphentXaaaGMCF21ny_oxItjUi0OJ4PFk9ZfwnBvd7DcwJMqZ_uJf4AWMBOLgM1mHq_A4uNkiho2itJhhFC-uLeAeBr_m_eno9jtGMwqFMTowt/s1600/photo1b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="259" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiMEk2aaP9e_4RGCN_6bkOTJ_2o53_4xjyGPhyphenhyphentXaaaGMCF21ny_oxItjUi0OJ4PFk9ZfwnBvd7DcwJMqZ_uJf4AWMBOLgM1mHq_A4uNkiho2itJhhFC-uLeAeBr_m_eno9jtGMwqFMTowt/s320/photo1b.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEimEaBWxw9bUrAUs8lOwPCd041KvA_Kg5m6z6c83d7TGg2TDmgES4z5xSeSQZ872GcSJ5ztJqoMyC2SCvXEkf7j2hnMOflr0ZGshgfw-7VnS6RpEhBYhX4cqZHySYvBQYUiCPKXUGhXevuE/s1600/photo2.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEimEaBWxw9bUrAUs8lOwPCd041KvA_Kg5m6z6c83d7TGg2TDmgES4z5xSeSQZ872GcSJ5ztJqoMyC2SCvXEkf7j2hnMOflr0ZGshgfw-7VnS6RpEhBYhX4cqZHySYvBQYUiCPKXUGhXevuE/s320/photo2.JPG" width="320" /></a></div><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgnypQjKHMKnstK5CTIFRI78D0sFrudgE53eIqlJ05UpNcB87dZKZ8yvSzwiJIkMJEGFIyZvN4eQ2qCJ70UbMzP74L8XX_L7tIkmJ0P_-ACauU8nmsL_vAYioDmuK34tim1Nqre8d0iNvA5/s1600/photo3.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgnypQjKHMKnstK5CTIFRI78D0sFrudgE53eIqlJ05UpNcB87dZKZ8yvSzwiJIkMJEGFIyZvN4eQ2qCJ70UbMzP74L8XX_L7tIkmJ0P_-ACauU8nmsL_vAYioDmuK34tim1Nqre8d0iNvA5/s320/photo3.JPG" width="320" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br />
</div>à proposhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03893004558708402586noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3624339048396268932.post-52634369160493995992010-11-09T12:56:00.002+01:002010-11-09T13:33:51.373+01:00Adios FLD<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgfk5TLb1Wfqx9E2yPa0QuIuHuLsMELTo59PWPmpI0Mj063Xmtn6mXckkLYxNGgHf6oT_VkpNvzBoUK8C2jTwed6zP-toZINfUZeBcaUxkRBZkPkMm7YWvHTQ1rNaNOfmVxFPSTgsxUj2r_/s1600/Portrait_2743+edited.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgfk5TLb1Wfqx9E2yPa0QuIuHuLsMELTo59PWPmpI0Mj063Xmtn6mXckkLYxNGgHf6oT_VkpNvzBoUK8C2jTwed6zP-toZINfUZeBcaUxkRBZkPkMm7YWvHTQ1rNaNOfmVxFPSTgsxUj2r_/s200/Portrait_2743+edited.jpg" width="162" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Virginia Fox</td></tr>
</tbody></table><div style="text-align: justify;">Dear fellow members of the FLD,</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Mylène and I are concluding two exciting and wonderful years as the administrators of the French Language Division. We have been very proud to serve our over 2,000 members for the last two years, and are particularly happy with the wonderful speakers we presented at the ATA conferences in New York and Denver. We are also very pleased with the dynamic new administration team elected during the Denver conference.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">We wish to thank everyone who has helped make our tenure so successful, in particular:<b><br />
<br />
Dominique Blachon</b>, the discreet yet highly efficient moderator of our very useful and dynamic list</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b>David Heath</b>,<b> </b>our wonderful webmaster</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b>Elisabeth Lyman</b>, the former newsletter editor and now fantastic blog editor</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b>Karen Tkaczyk</b> (and the other members of the nominating committee) for finding such strong candidates this year to lead our organization over the next two years</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">And also a big thank you to those who made the Denver conference so special and successful. Firstly, the soul of the conferen<span style="font-family: inherit;">ce </span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 10pt;">– </span><span style="font-family: inherit;">ou</span>r incredible speakers:</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b>David Jemielity</b> (this year's Division Distinguished Speaker or DDS, senior English translator and head of translations at Banque Cantonale Vaudoise in Lausanne, tenured faculty member at the University of Geneva's School of Translation and Interpretation, with special interest in target-text effectiveness in financial translation and translation process design and management), <b>Grant Hamilton</b> (former DDS, owner and manager of Anglocom, Inc., an agency located in Quebec mainly serving advertising agencies; Grant also teaches FR to EN translation for marketers and advertisers at New York University), <b>Frédéric Houbert</b> (former DDS, teaches legal translation at the University of Cergy-Pontoise in France; he is also the author of <i>Dictionnaire des Difficultés de l'Anglais des Contrats</i> and <i>Guide Pratique de la Traduction Juridique</i>), <b>Betty Howell</b>, <b>Véronique Ponce</b>, <b>Bruce Popp</b>, <b>Karen Tkaczyk </b>and <b>Agnes Meilhac</b>, and <b>Marianne Reiner</b>.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">More detailed presenter bios can be found <a href="http://www.atanet.org/conf/2010/speakerbios.php">here</a>, and abstracts of their sessions can be found <a href="http://www.atanet.org/conf/2010/bylanguage.php#F">here</a>.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">If you missed the conference, I highly recommend that you listen to the sessions on the conference CD that will soon be made available by the ATA.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">And last but not least, we would like to thank <b>Corinne McKay</b> for organizing a delicious and very pleasant dinner at the Rodizio Grill. She kept her cool while accepting last-minute reservations and made sure everyone had a great time. It's amazing how much work is involved in planning a successful dinner; thanks Corinne! </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Please help us welcome the new administrative team: <b>Bruce Popp</b> and <b>Anne Goff</b>.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b>Bruce Popp</b>, our new administrator, has a PhD in astronomy from Harvard University. He is a US Patent and Trademark Office Registered Patent Agent, a freelance translator specialized in the translation of patents from FR to EN, and a former member of the board of directors of the New England Translators Association (NETA), based in Massachusetts, near Boston <span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 10pt;">– </span> the site of our next ATA conference!</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b>Anne Goff</b>, our new administrative assistant, has an MA in French translation from the University of Surrey in England. She is currently a freelance FR to EN translator specialized in marketing and human resources. She intends to increase the visibility of the FLD and expand the information provided to members via modern networking tools such as Twitter. She is based in Sacramento, California.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">It is a great pleasure to be able to hand over the administrative duties to such a strong team, and we are looking forward to supporting them over the next two years.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Finally, thanks to all of you out there for your continuing and renewed support of our division. You are the heart of this organization, and your contributions are its true value. The administration provides the structure, but the members provide the content: we need your feedback, suggestions, conference reviews and impressions, blog entries and other contributions.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">We know we're leaving the French Language Division in good hands. We wish you all the best.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">À</span></span> bien<span style="font-family: inherit;">tô</span>t sur la liste et le blog !</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Virginia Fox and Mylène Vialard</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Outgoing administrators of the FLD</div><br />
<span style="background-color: white; color: white;">0</span>à proposhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03893004558708402586noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3624339048396268932.post-47146554900227845442010-10-06T01:28:00.000+02:002010-10-06T01:28:44.986+02:00Café des Traducteurs in Paris<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh8C5VxOKd3EZybKGMSQjvRPwiamcRiwJUKUoEgxmaXVsk0x6725gCIpXQjRSwWzZwFjPs092lNbM6O3ou_A5HCs-w1vyXucOBmDS0ROC_hDxRTxnUCI691qF0wy2MtGFlV9Pzt2wPeCFI2/s1600/DSCF2718+%28Large%29.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="150" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh8C5VxOKd3EZybKGMSQjvRPwiamcRiwJUKUoEgxmaXVsk0x6725gCIpXQjRSwWzZwFjPs092lNbM6O3ou_A5HCs-w1vyXucOBmDS0ROC_hDxRTxnUCI691qF0wy2MtGFlV9Pzt2wPeCFI2/s200/DSCF2718+%28Large%29.JPG" width="200" /></a></div><div style="text-align: justify;">One Saturday morning every month in Paris, area translators and interpreters can be seen making their way <span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">–</span> whether by bus, métro or Vélib' <span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">–</span> to the Café du Pont-Neuf in the 1st arrondissement. They head up the stairs, claim their croissant and coffee, chat a bit with friends and colleagues, then take their places around two long tables in the specially reserved meeting room and turn their attention to the front, where a speaker prepares to present the month's topic.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">These are the popular Café des Traducteurs informal breakfast meetings organized by the Ile-de-France section of the <a href="http://www.sft.fr/index.php">Société Française des Traducteurs</a> (SFT). A French-language presentation (last month translation instructor Nicolas Froeliger gave an overview of "la traductologie contemporaine") provides material for stimulating discussion among participants and with the speaker. Each Café des Traducteurs is also a great opportunity to meet and network with other translators and interpreters and <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves/> <w:TrackFormatting/> <w:PunctuationKerning/> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF/> <w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables/> <w:SnapToGridInCell/> <w:WrapTextWithPunct/> <w:UseAsianBreakRules/> <w:DontGrowAutofit/> <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/> <w:DontVertAlignCellWithSp/> <w:DontBreakConstrainedForcedTables/> <w:DontVertAlignInTxbx/> <w:Word11KerningPairs/> <w:CachedColBalance/> </w:Compatibility> <w:BrowserLevel>MicrosoftInternetExplorer4</w:BrowserLevel> <m:mathPr> <m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/> <m:brkBin m:val="before"/> <m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/> <m:smallFrac m:val="off"/> <m:dispDef/> <m:lMargin m:val="0"/> <m:rMargin m:val="0"/> <m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/> <m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/> <m:intLim m:val="subSup"/> <m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/> </m:mathPr></w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
DefSemiHidden="true" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99"
LatentStyleCount="267"> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Normal"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 7"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 8"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 9"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 7"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 8"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 9"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" QFormat="true" Name="caption"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="59" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Table Grid"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Placeholder Text"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Revision"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="List Paragraph"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Quote"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Emphasis"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Emphasis"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Reference"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Reference"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" Name="Bibliography"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/> </w:LatentStyles> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]> <style>
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:"Table Normal";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-qformat:yes;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin:0in;
mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;}
</style> <![endif]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">–</span> as one attendee put it <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves/> <w:TrackFormatting/> <w:PunctuationKerning/> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF/> <w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables/> <w:SnapToGridInCell/> <w:WrapTextWithPunct/> <w:UseAsianBreakRules/> <w:DontGrowAutofit/> <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/> <w:DontVertAlignCellWithSp/> <w:DontBreakConstrainedForcedTables/> <w:DontVertAlignInTxbx/> <w:Word11KerningPairs/> <w:CachedColBalance/> </w:Compatibility> <w:BrowserLevel>MicrosoftInternetExplorer4</w:BrowserLevel> <m:mathPr> <m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/> <m:brkBin m:val="before"/> <m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/> <m:smallFrac m:val="off"/> <m:dispDef/> <m:lMargin m:val="0"/> <m:rMargin m:val="0"/> <m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/> <m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/> <m:intLim m:val="subSup"/> <m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/> </m:mathPr></w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
DefSemiHidden="true" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99"
LatentStyleCount="267"> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Normal"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 7"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 8"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 9"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 7"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 8"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 9"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" QFormat="true" Name="caption"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="59" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Table Grid"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Placeholder Text"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Revision"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="List Paragraph"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Quote"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Emphasis"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Emphasis"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Reference"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Reference"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" Name="Bibliography"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/> </w:LatentStyles> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]> <style>
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:"Table Normal";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-qformat:yes;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin:0in;
mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;}
</style> <![endif]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">–</span> a fun way to get out of the house and away from the computer for once! Participants registering in advance are also entered into a drawing for a chance to win a book.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">The coordinators of the Café des Traducteurs warmly encourage translators and interpreters living outside France to attend if their travels should bring them to Paris the last Saturday of the month. Participation is open to anyone interested in translation/interpretation <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves/> <w:TrackFormatting/> <w:PunctuationKerning/> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF/> <w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables/> <w:SnapToGridInCell/> <w:WrapTextWithPunct/> <w:UseAsianBreakRules/> <w:DontGrowAutofit/> <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/> <w:DontVertAlignCellWithSp/> <w:DontBreakConstrainedForcedTables/> <w:DontVertAlignInTxbx/> <w:Word11KerningPairs/> <w:CachedColBalance/> </w:Compatibility> <w:BrowserLevel>MicrosoftInternetExplorer4</w:BrowserLevel> <m:mathPr> <m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/> <m:brkBin m:val="before"/> <m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/> <m:smallFrac m:val="off"/> <m:dispDef/> <m:lMargin m:val="0"/> <m:rMargin m:val="0"/> <m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/> <m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/> <m:intLim m:val="subSup"/> <m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/> </m:mathPr></w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
DefSemiHidden="true" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99"
LatentStyleCount="267"> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Normal"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 7"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 8"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 9"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 7"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 8"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 9"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" QFormat="true" Name="caption"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="59" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Table Grid"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Placeholder Text"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Revision"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="List Paragraph"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Quote"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Emphasis"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Emphasis"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Reference"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Reference"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" Name="Bibliography"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/> </w:LatentStyles> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]> <style>
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:"Table Normal";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-qformat:yes;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin:0in;
mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;}
</style> <![endif]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">–</span> there's no need to be a member of the SFT, or even a translator for that matter. Just bring <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves/> <w:TrackFormatting/> <w:PunctuationKerning/> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF/> <w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables/> <w:SnapToGridInCell/> <w:WrapTextWithPunct/> <w:UseAsianBreakRules/> <w:DontGrowAutofit/> <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/> <w:DontVertAlignCellWithSp/> <w:DontBreakConstrainedForcedTables/> <w:DontVertAlignInTxbx/> <w:Word11KerningPairs/> <w:CachedColBalance/> </w:Compatibility> <w:BrowserLevel>MicrosoftInternetExplorer4</w:BrowserLevel> <m:mathPr> <m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/> <m:brkBin m:val="before"/> <m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/> <m:smallFrac m:val="off"/> <m:dispDef/> <m:lMargin m:val="0"/> <m:rMargin m:val="0"/> <m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/> <m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/> <m:intLim m:val="subSup"/> <m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/> </m:mathPr></w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
DefSemiHidden="true" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99"
LatentStyleCount="267"> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Normal"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 7"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 8"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 9"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 7"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 8"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 9"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" QFormat="true" Name="caption"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="59" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Table Grid"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Placeholder Text"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Revision"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="List Paragraph"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Quote"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Emphasis"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Emphasis"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Reference"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Reference"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" Name="Bibliography"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/> </w:LatentStyles> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]> <style>
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:"Table Normal";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-qformat:yes;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin-top:0in;
mso-para-margin-right:0in;
mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt;
mso-para-margin-left:0in;
line-height:115%;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;}
</style> <![endif]--><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%;">€</span>8.50 (in cash) to cover the cost of the breakfast, which includes a hot beverage, orange juice and croissant.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img border="0" height="305" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhCyoC-riFlxL1mCDO_A22_WU1XY4m4vPcaaFL_hTagdtxH-CK-UNCx8ZiY289QQtdWJ_TVVFC7pUkdixBP5MBfaFlHCnAeVTL8hU1NmQYozeEm5EBVf556_D6HrIS1sGzQj9YqC2sFiI05/s400/Copy+of+DSCF2743+%28Large%29+edited.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="400" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">FLD Administrator Virginia Fox attended during her recent trip to Paris </td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"> </td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"> </td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"> </td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"> </td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br />
</td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br />
</td></tr>
</tbody></table><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhCyoC-riFlxL1mCDO_A22_WU1XY4m4vPcaaFL_hTagdtxH-CK-UNCx8ZiY289QQtdWJ_TVVFC7pUkdixBP5MBfaFlHCnAeVTL8hU1NmQYozeEm5EBVf556_D6HrIS1sGzQj9YqC2sFiI05/s1600/Copy+of+DSCF2743+%28Large%29+edited.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"></a></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"> To register for an upcoming Café des Traducteurs event or request more information, contact<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="color: windowtext;"> </span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; color: black; font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="color: #555555;"><span class="Apple-converted-space"></span><a href="mailto:delegation.idf-matinales@sft.fr" rel="nofollow" style="font-family: inherit;" target="_blank">delegation.idf-matinales@sft. fr</a><span style="font-family: inherit;">.</span></span></span><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="color: windowtext;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"> </span> </span></span></span></div><div></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="color: windowtext;"></span></span><span style="color: white;">0</span></div>à proposhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03893004558708402586noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3624339048396268932.post-33170006942694656412010-09-19T18:33:00.004+02:002010-09-19T18:48:54.061+02:00Around the Web: L'Internaute.com<div style="text-align: justify;">To discover an excellent one-stop French language and culture resource, visit <a href="http://www.linternaute.com/">L'Internaute.com</a>. On the <a href="http://www.linternaute.com/encyclopedie/">Encyclopédie</a> section of this monolingual site you'll find a dictionary and databases of idioms, proverbs, quotations, family names, history and more, which can each be searched or browsed by theme. There's also a series of useful form letters for different purposes (legal, employment, healthcare etc.), plus a biography and quotation of the day. And when it's time to take a quick break from a translation, you can test your knowledge of culture, literature, geography or current events with a fun <a href="http://www.linternaute.com/questionnaire/quiz/">interactive quiz</a>.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: white;">0 </span></div>à proposhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03893004558708402586noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3624339048396268932.post-50142679870605590762010-08-31T01:08:00.007+02:002010-09-01T19:42:18.474+02:00Histoire d'un mot : « végétarien »<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgX4eOlEAabKTmQ1YPdYGNTPuyQr4Q0X-B9WQHHaJTq3y3gjjPiArVqLn8nk68Q6qGzTqmx3MOkUOU0eQuxu09aLMEAbFLwJaIqEQAAmBpQACwmde1dpa2X36DvE969ImXRaEe2Nnk7o8y7/s1600/TG.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgX4eOlEAabKTmQ1YPdYGNTPuyQr4Q0X-B9WQHHaJTq3y3gjjPiArVqLn8nk68Q6qGzTqmx3MOkUOU0eQuxu09aLMEAbFLwJaIqEQAAmBpQACwmde1dpa2X36DvE969ImXRaEe2Nnk7o8y7/s200/TG.jpg" width="164" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Tristan GRELLET</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table><div class="chap" style="text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">Si le végétarisme est un régime ou une philosophie multimillénaire, le terme actuellement utilisé désignant celui qui le pratique n’existe, dans sa forme anglaise (la plus ancienne), que depuis environ 170 ans. La date même de son apparition est sujette à discussion ; quant à sa définition, elle est longtemps restée floue, aussi bien en anglais qu’en français. Aujourd’hui encore, on ne sait pas toujours ce que la notion de <i>végétarien</i> recouvre. Tâchons de faire le point.</span></b><span lang="FR"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div></div><div class="intertitre" style="text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><br />
Des origines anglaises</span></b><span lang="FR"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div class="textecourant" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><br />
La <span class="SpellE">Vegetarian</span> Society prétend avoir créé le mot <span class="SpellE"><i>vegetarian</i></span> à partir du latin <span class="SpellE"><i>vegetus</i></span> (« bien vivant », « vif ») en 1847, lors de sa fondation </span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">(1)</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">. En réalité, ce terme était déjà employé au début des années 1840, sa première attestation datant même, selon l’<i>Oxford English <span class="SpellE">Dictionary</span></i>, de 1839. On le trouve sous la plume de Frances Anne (dite « Fanny ») Kemble, comédienne et femme de lettres britannique, dans <i>Journal of <span class="GramE">a</span> <span class="SpellE">residence</span> on a <span class="SpellE">Georgian</span> plantation in 1838-1839</i> </span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">(2)</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">. En ce qui concerne l’étymologie, <span class="SpellE"><i>vegetarian</i></span> semble avoir été formé irrégulièrement à partir de <span class="SpellE"><i>vegetable</i></span><i> </i></span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">(3)</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> (« légume ») et du suffixe -<span class="SpellE"><i>arian</i></span> plutôt que directement à partir de <span class="SpellE"><i>vegetus</i></span>. Quoi qu’il en soit, c’est bien la <span class="SpellE">Vegetarian</span> Society qui a popularisé et officialisé <span class="SpellE"><i>vegetarian</i></span>, le substituant au terme alors en vigueur de <span class="SpellE"><i>pythagorean</i></span> (« pythagoricien</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;"> (4)</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> »). La première définition qu’elle en donnait laissait la possibilité à l’adepte du végétarisme de consommer ou non des produits laitiers ou des œufs </span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">(5)</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">. Cette alternative est encore présente dans la définition qu’elle propose aujourd’hui </span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">(6)</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">. Les premiers dictionnaires, de langue anglaise, à accueillir <span class="SpellE"><i>vegetarian</i></span> et son dérivé, <span class="SpellE"><i>vegetarianism</i></span>, se font l’écho d’une telle acception. </span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Par <span class="SpellE">exemple</span>, <i>The Imperial Dictionary</i> (1854<span class="GramE">) :</span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div class="textecourant" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="GramE"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
« <b><i>VEGETAʹRIAN</i></b><i>, </i>n.</span></span><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;"> <span class="GramE">One who abstains from animal food, and lives exclusively on vegetables, eggs, milk, etc. — 2.</span> One who maintains that vegetables constitute the only proper food for <span class="GramE">man.</span></span></i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;"> »</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div class="textecourant" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">(« <b>VÉGÉTARIEN</b>, <i>n.</i> Celui qui s’abstient de nourriture animale et vit exclusivement de végétaux, d’œufs, de lait, etc. — 2. Celui qui soutient que les végétaux constituent la seule nourriture qui convient à l’homme. »)</span><span lang="FR"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div class="textecourant" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><br />
Nous pouvons néanmoins constater que le fait de consommer ou non des produits laitiers ou des œufs n’est plus présenté comme une alternative au sein d’une seule définition mais fait l’objet de deux définitions, donc de deux conceptions, contradictoires. Étonnamment, c’est la seconde définition seule qui sera retenue par <i>An American <span class="SpellE">dictionary</span> of the English <span class="SpellE">language</span></i> pour expliquer <span class="SpellE"><i>vegetarian</i></span>, et qui restera telle quelle pendant tout le <span style="text-transform: uppercase;">xix</span><sup>e</sup> siècle. On aboutit même parfois à des paradoxes : dans le supplément à l’<i>Imperial <span class="SpellE">Dictionary</span></i>, la définition de <span class="SpellE"><i>vegetarian</i></span> exclut la consommation d’œufs et de produits laitiers, mais celle de <span class="SpellE"><i>vegetarianism</i></span> les inclut !<u1:p></u1:p></span><span lang="FR"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div class="textecourant" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><u1:p><br />
</u1:p><b>L’arrivée en France</b></span><span lang="FR"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div class="textecourant" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><br />
Si on ne peut dater précisément l’introduction du mot <i>végétarien</i> en français, il est manifeste qu’il est apparu bien avant la date généralement donnée par les dictionnaires </span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">(7)</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">: 1873. On peut en effet le relever dès 1853 sous la plume du chimiste Anselme Payen dans <i>Des substances alimentaires</i>. Celui-ci, sans surprise, reprend un certain nombre de clichés de l’époque : les végétariens forment une secte, née en Angleterre, « pays des excentricités », et leur système, ne présentant que des inconvénients, n’est pas voué à un grand succès. L’auteur mentionne ainsi le fait que les Anglais sont et resteront le plus fort consommateur de viande au monde </span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">(8)</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">.</span><span lang="FR"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div class="textecourant" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><br />
Comme le remarque Dupré dans son <i>Encyclopédie du bon français dans l’usage contemporain</i> : « La formation du mot <i>végétarien</i> est surprenante ; on attendrait <i>végétalien</i> ou <i>végétaliste</i> ; le suffixe <i>-arien</i> est rare en français, et réservé aux dérivés de mots en <i>-aire</i> (<i>agrarien</i>, <i>prolétarien</i>, <i>unitarien</i>). » Bref, ce terme est un calque maladroit et paresseux de l’anglais, comme l’atteste le dérivé <span class="SpellE"><i>végétarianisme</i></span>, seul à figurer dans les suppléments au <i>Dictionnaire de la langue française</i> de Littré et au <i>Grand Dictionnaire universel du <span style="text-transform: uppercase;">xix</span><sup>e</sup> siècle</i> de Larousse (tous deux parus en 1877), tandis que son successeur, <i>végétarisme</i>, figurera à ses côtés dans le second supplément au <i>Grand Dictionnaire universel</i> (paru en 1890). Dans un premier temps les dictionnaires de Littré et de Larousse ne donnent que les végétaux pour toute alimentation du végétarien (« qui ne vit que de substances végétales »). <i>Végétarien</i> finissant par s’imposer péniblement en France au détriment de l’ambigu <i>pythagoricien</i> ou de l’ironique <i>légumiste </i></span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">(9)</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">, la francisation de son dérivé, <span class="SpellE"><i>végétarianisme</i></span>, est à l’ordre du jour. Puis, à partir des années 1890, les dictionnaires accueillent <i>végétarisme</i> et <i>végétalisme</i> </span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">(10)</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">, ce dernier terme étant le plus conforme à notre langue, mais mal relié à <i>végétarien</i>. Cette soudaine profusion de mots pour désigner une même réalité n’est pas sans créer de confusions. Le plus ancien (et le plus lourd), <span class="SpellE"><i>végétarianisme</i></span>, va donc rapidement disparaître. Quant à <i>végétalisme</i>, il ne va pas détrôner <i>végétarisme</i>, alors solidement installé, mais va prendre le sens de ce dernier, qui lui gagnera celui que l’on connaît aujourd’hui. Bien que les premiers <i>Petit Larousse</i> ne fassent pas encore nettement la distinction entre les deux termes, </span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">(11)</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> ce n’est pas le cas du <i>Grand Dictionnaire universel</i>, qui propose de surcroît des définitions tout à fait intéressantes : pour <i>végétarisme</i>, « Doctrine diététique, consistant dans l’abstention de tout aliment qui ne peut s’obtenir que par la destruction d’une vie animale » ; pour <i>végétalisme</i>, « Régime des personnes qui se nourrissent exclusivement de végétaux ». On peut toutefois constater que nos dictionnaires, contrairement aux dictionnaires de langue anglaise, n’évoquent que l’aspect diététique du végétarisme, en occultant le choix éthico-philosophique. Si <i>Le Petit Larousse</i> a remédié à cette lacune dans les dernières éditions de son dictionnaire, <i>Le Petit Robert</i> continue pour sa part à ne parler que de « doctrine diététique ».<u1:p></u1:p></span><span lang="FR"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div class="intertitre" style="text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><br />
Des problèmes de définition</span></b><span lang="FR"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div class="textecourant" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><br />
Tous les dictionnaires en revanche proposent une définition « apophatique » de <i>végétarisme</i>, le définissant avant tout non par ce qu’il permet de manger, mais par ce qu’il interdit de consommer. Même si René <span class="SpellE">Suzineau</span> pensait que définir le végétarisme de façon positive le rendrait plus attrayant, on se rend vite compte des problèmes engendrés par cette solution : une imprécision si l’on se limite aux végétaux et le risque d’une liste interminable si l’on y ajoute le lait, les œufs, le miel, les champignons, les algues bleues </span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">(12)</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">…</span><span lang="FR"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div class="textecourant" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><br />
Une autre différence entre <i>Petit Larousse</i> et <i>Petit Robert</i> est que le premier inclut le végétalisme (aussi appelé « végétarisme pur ») dans le végétarisme, à l’instar de ce qu’a toujours préconisé la <span class="SpellE">Vegetarian</span> Society, tandis que le second oppose les deux. Dans le premier cas, il sera pertinent de parler d’<i>ovo-</i>, de <span class="SpellE"><i>lacto</i></span><i>-</i> et d’<i>ovo-<span class="SpellE">lacto</span>-végétarien</i> (termes apparus au début du <span style="text-transform: uppercase;">xx</span><sup>e</sup> siècle) ; mais, quel que soit le cas, parler de <i>semi-végétarien</i> paraît hasardeux, et totalement inapproprié dans le cadre d’un végétarisme éthique </span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">(13)</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">.<u1:p></u1:p></span><span lang="FR"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div class="textecourant" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><br />
Le végétarisme éthique, justement, ne peut se satisfaire de la définition traditionnelle donnée à <i>végétarisme</i>, « qui exclut de l’alimentation la viande » (<i>Le Petit Robert</i>) ou « Système d’alimentation supprimant les viandes » (<i>Le Petit Larousse</i>), car, si <i>viande</i> peut recouvrir au sens large (et notamment lorsque le mot est mis au pluriel) la chair du poisson, il ne saurait englober la gélatine ou la présure, toutes substances qu’un végétarien « éthique » cherchera à éviter. Dans ce cas, une seconde acception du mot pourrait être, <i>mutatis mutandis</i>, celle que propose le <i>Grand Dictionnaire universel</i>, citée plus haut : « Doctrine diététique, consistant dans l’abstention de tout aliment qui ne peut s’obtenir que par la destruction d’une vie animale. » Formulé de façon plus contemporaine, cela peut aboutir à la définition suivante : « Nous appellerons végétarien toute personne qui […] s’abstient, lorsque cela est humainement évitable dans les conditions où elle se trouve, de supprimer directement ou indirectement la vie des animaux, pour quelque raison que ce soit […] » (André <span class="SpellE">Méry</span>, <i>Les Végétariens. Raisons et sentiments</i>). Celle-ci a le mérite de pouvoir être appliquée à un végétarien, un végétalien ou un <span class="SpellE"><i>vegan</i></span><i> </i></span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">(14)</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 11pt;">,</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> encore qu’elle s’éloigne un peu des définitions couramment admises.<u1:p></u1:p> </span><span lang="FR"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><br />
Comme nous venons de le voir, le terme <i>végétarien</i>, ainsi que ses dérivés, a eu depuis sa naissance une histoire mouvementée et a beaucoup varié dans sa signification. Aujourd’hui encore, il suffit de faire un sondage autour de soi pour constater qu’il y a presque autant de définitions différentes de ce mot que d’individus interrogés. Si nos dictionnaires accordent une place plus importante aux mots du végétarisme et en peaufinent la définition, force est de constater que la définition idéale reste à inventer…</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Tristan GRELLET</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><a href="http://www.lesmotsduvegetarisme.fr/">www.lesmotsduvegetarisme.fr</a></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><i style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-style: italic;">Passionné de français et intéressé par les langues en général, Tristan Grellet est correcteur pour différentes maisons d’édition (Larousse, Gallimard…). Il suit également des études de lettres classiques.</span></i></span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><br />
<br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;"> <u3:smallfrac u3:val="off"> <u3:dispdef> <u3:lmargin u3:val="0"> <u3:rmargin u3:val="0"> <u3:defjc u3:val="centerGroup"> <u3:wrapindent u3:val="1440"> <u3:intlim u3:val="subSup"> <u3:narylim u3:val="undOvr"> </u3:narylim> </u3:intlim> </u3:wrapindent><span style="font-size: small;">(1) <a href="http://www.vegsoc.org/news/2000/canapes.html">www.vegsoc.org/news/2000/canapes.html</a>.</span><span class="SpellE"></span><o:p></o:p></u3:defjc></u3:rmargin></u3:lmargin></u3:dispdef></u3:smallfrac></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in;"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">(2) « <i>The <span class="SpellE">sight</span> and <span class="SpellE">smell</span> of <span class="SpellE">raw</span> <span class="SpellE">meat</span> are <span class="SpellE">especially</span> <span class="SpellE">odious</span> to me, and I have <span class="SpellE">often</span> <span class="SpellE">thought</span> <span class="SpellE">that</span> if I <span class="SpellE">had</span> <span class="SpellE">had</span> to <span class="SpellE">be</span> <span class="SpellE">my</span> <span class="SpellE">own</span> <span class="SpellE">cook</span>, I <span class="SpellE">should</span> <span class="SpellE">inevitably</span> <span class="SpellE">become</span> a <span class="SpellE">vegetarian</span>, <span class="SpellE">probably</span>, <span class="SpellE">indeed</span>, return <span class="SpellE">entirely</span> to <span class="SpellE">my</span> green and <span class="SpellE">salad</span> <span class="SpellE">days</span></i> » (« La vue et l’odeur de la viande crue me sont particulièrement désagréables, et j’ai souvent pensé que si j’avais dû être ma propre cuisinière, je serais inévitablement devenue végétarienne et probablement, en fait, retournée totalement à ma verte jeunesse »).<o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in;"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">(3) <span class="SpellE"><i>Vegetable</i></span> vient de l’ancien français <span class="SpellE"><i>vegetable</i></span>, lui-même issu du latin <span class="SpellE"><i>vegetabilis</i></span>, « vivifiant », qui a pour origine <span class="SpellE"><i>vegetare</i></span>, « animer », celui-ci étant tiré de <span class="SpellE"><i>vegetus</i></span>. Nous voyons donc que, quelle que soit l’hypothèse étymologique privilégiée, <span class="SpellE"><i>vegetarian</i></span> vient bien de <span class="SpellE"><i>vegetus</i></span>, même si dans ce cas c’est par un lointain cheminement.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in;"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">(4) Du nom de Pythagore, philosophe et mathématicien grec qui aurait été végétarien.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in;"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">(5) Ce qui se traduit dans les repas mêmes confectionnés à l’occasion des réunions de la <span class="SpellE">Vegetarian</span> Society, où sont proposés indifféremment plats végétariens et végétaliens.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">(6) « <i>A <span class="SpellE">vegetarian</span> <span class="SpellE">is</span> <span class="SpellE">someone</span> living on a <span class="SpellE">diet</span> of grains, pulses, <span class="SpellE">nuts</span>, <span class="SpellE">seeds</span>, <span class="SpellE">vegetables</span> and fruits <span class="SpellE">with</span> or <span class="SpellE">without</span> the use of <span class="SpellE">dairy</span> <span class="SpellE">products</span> and <span class="SpellE">eggs</span></i> » (« Un végétarien est quelqu’un qui vit d’un régime de céréales, de légumineuses, de noix, de graines, de légumes et de fruits avec ou sans l’utilisation de produits laitiers et d’œufs ») </span></span><a href="http://www.vegsoc.org/info/definitions.html" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;" target="_blank">http://www.vegsoc.org/info/definitions.html</a><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">.</span><o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">(7) </span><i><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Grand Larousse de la langue française</span></i><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">, <i>Le Grand Robert de la langue française</i> et <i>Trésor de la langue française informatisé</i>.</span></span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in;"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">(8) Cette observation a déjà été faite quelques années auparavant par Jean-Antoine Gleizes (ou <span class="SpellE">Gleïzès</span>, nom qu’il adopta à partir des années 1820), auteur français de la fin du <span class="SpellE"><span style="text-transform: uppercase;">xviii</span><sup>e</sup></span> siècle et du <span class="SpellE"><span style="text-transform: uppercase;">xix</span><sup>e</sup></span> qui publia plusieurs ouvrages historiques et de réflexion sur le végétarisme. Ce dernier se réjouissait ainsi de ce que le peuple français consommait moins de viande que le peuple anglais, « preuve la plus évidente de son perfectionnement ».<o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">(9) </span></span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: small;">Dupré y voit une « création heureuse et logique, mais qui n’a pas eu de succès ». <span class="GramE">Quoique employé</span> par des gens bien intentionnés, <i>légumiste</i>, dont l’acception première est « Jardinier qui se consacre à la culture des légumes », a probablement dû être appliqué aux végétariens de façon péjorative. Nous en voulons pour preuve le fait qu’il restreigne l’alimentation des végétariens aux seuls légumes et qu’on le retrouve très souvent dans le syntagme <i>secte des légumistes</i>.</span><o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in;"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">(10) Curieusement, <i>végétalien</i> ne fera son apparition dans <i>Le Petit Larousse</i> (qui propose également <i>végétaliste</i>) qu’à la fin du <span class="SpellE"><span style="text-transform: uppercase;">xx</span><sup>e</sup></span> siècle. <i>Le Petit Robert</i>, quant à lui, n’a intégré ce mot qu’en 2007 !<o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in;"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">(11) « <b><span style="text-transform: uppercase;">végétarisme</span></b> (<i>ris-me</i>) ou <b><span style="text-transform: uppercase;">végétalisme</span></b> (<i>lis-me</i>) n. m. (de <i>végétal</i>). Système d’alimentation dans lequel on supprime toutes les espèces de viande ou même tous les produits d’origine animale, dans un but soit prophylactique, soit curatif » (<i>Petit Larousse illustré</i>, 1913).<o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in;"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">(12) On considère aujourd’hui les champignons comme un règne à part entière, ne faisant plus partie des végétaux. Les algues bleues sont des bactéries.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in;"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">(13) On ne saurait non plus, comme le fait le <i>Larousse gastronomique</i>, parler de « <span class="SpellE">pesco</span>-végétarisme » (régime végétarien admettant le poisson). Ce terme, outre qu’il est absurde, est un barbarisme. Il faudrait parler de <span class="SpellE"><i>pisco</i></span><i>-</i> ou de <span class="SpellE"><i>pisci</i></span><i>-végétarisme</i>. « Le terme <span class="SpellE"><i>pesco</i></span><i>-végétarien</i>, calqué sur l’anglais qui l’a sans doute lui-même emprunté à une autre langue, est formé à partir de l’élément <span class="SpellE"><i>pesco</i></span><i>-</i>, inexistant en français. L’élément français correspondant au mot <i>poisson</i> est <span class="SpellE"><i>pisci</i></span><i>-</i>, du latin <span class="SpellE"><i>piscis</i></span>, dont sont d’ailleurs tirés certains mots français comme <i>pisciculture</i> » (<i>Le Grand Dictionnaire terminologique</i>). Il en va de même du « <span class="SpellE">pollo</span>-végétarisme » (régime végétarien admettant la volaille)…<o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in;"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">(14) <a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-edit.g?blogID=3624339048396268932&postID=5014267987060559076" name="OLE_LINK2"></a><i>Le Grand Dictionnaire terminologique</i> le définit par « Adepte fervent du végétalisme qui n’utilise dans la vie courante aucun produit d’origine animale » et le traduit par « végétalien intégral », « <span class="SpellE">hypervégétalien</span> » ou « <span class="SpellE">végintégriste</span> ». Ces traductions ne nous satisfaisant pas vraiment, nous préférons conserver le mot anglais.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div class="Intertitre0" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><b>Sources</b><o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div class="Sources" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="GramE"><i></i></span></div><div class="Sources" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="GramE"><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><br />
</span></i></span><span class="GramE"><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">A supplement to the Imperial Dictionary</span></i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">, <span class="SpellE">sous</span> la dir. de John Ogilvie, Blackie and son, 1855.</span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div class="Sources" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; text-transform: uppercase;"><br />
Dupré</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> (Paul), <i>Encyclopédie du bon français dans l’usage contemporain</i>, 3 vol., Éditions de Trévise, 1972.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div class="Sources" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; text-transform: uppercase;"><br />
Ernout</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> (Alfred) et <span style="text-transform: uppercase;">Meillet</span> (Antoine), <i>Dictionnaire étymologique de la langue latine</i>, Charles <span class="SpellE">Klincksieck</span>, 1951.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div class="Sources" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="SpellE"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; text-transform: uppercase;"><br />
Esquiros</span></span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> (Alphonse), « M. <span class="SpellE">Gleïzès</span>. — Le régime des herbes », dans <i>Revue des Deux Mondes</i>, Revue des Deux Mondes, 1846 ; vol. XV, p. 837 à 857.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div class="Sources" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="SpellE"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; text-transform: uppercase;"><br />
Gleïzès</span></span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> (Jean-Antoine), <span class="SpellE"><i>Thalysie</i></span><i>, ou la Nouvelle Existence</i>, 3 vol., Louis <span class="SpellE">Desessart</span>, 1840-1842.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><i><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><br />
Grand Larousse de la langue française</span></i><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">, sous la <span class="SpellE">dir</span>. de Louis Guilbert, René <span class="SpellE">Lagane</span> et Georges <span class="SpellE">Niobey</span>, 7 vol., Larousse, 1989.<br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><i><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><br />
Grand Robert de la langue française (Le)</span></i><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> [en ligne, ressource payante], Le Robert, 2005-2008. </span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><a href="http://gr.bvdep.com/">http://gr.bvdep.com/</a> (page consultée le 25 avril 2010).</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; text-transform: uppercase;"><br />
Harper</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> (Douglas), <i>Online <span class="SpellE">Etymology</span> <span class="SpellE">Dictionary</span></i> [en ligne]. </span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><a href="http://www.etymonline.com/"><span lang="FR">http://www.etymonline.com/</span></a></span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> (page consultée le 25 avril 2010).</span><span class="GramE"><i><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> </span></i></span><br />
<span class="GramE"><i><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><br />
Imperial Dictionary (The)</span></i><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">, <span class="SpellE">sous</span> la dir. de John Ogilvie, 3 vol., Blackie and son, 1854.</span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><o:p></o:p></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; text-transform: uppercase;"><br />
<br />
Kemble</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> (Frances Ann), <i>Journal of a residence on a Georgian plantation in 1838-1839</i>, Harper and brothers, 1864.<o:p></o:p></span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; text-transform: uppercase;"><br />
<br />
Larousse</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> (Pierre), <i>Grand Dictionnaire universel du <span class="SpellE"><span style="text-transform: uppercase;">xix</span><sup>e</sup></span> siècle</i>, Administration du Grand Dictionnaire universel, 1877 et [1890] ; vol. XVI et XVII (suppléments).<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<div class="Sources"><i><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><br />
Larousse gastronomique</span></i><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">, Larousse-Bordas, 1997.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="Sources"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; text-transform: uppercase;"><br />
Littré</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> (Émile), <i>Dictionnaire de la langue française. Supplément</i>, Hachette, 1886.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="Sources"><span class="SpellE"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; text-transform: uppercase;"><br />
Méry</span></span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> (André), <i>Les Végétariens. Raisons et sentiments</i>, La Plage éditeur, 1998.<o:p></o:p></span></div><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; text-transform: uppercase;"><br />
Office québécois de la langue française</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">, <i>Grand Dictionnaire terminologique (Le)</i> [en ligne], Gouvernement du Québec, 2002.</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> </span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><a href="http://www.granddictionnaire.com/">http://www.granddictionnaire.com/</a> (page consultée le 25 avril 2010).</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><br />
</span><i><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Oxford English <span class="SpellE">Dictionary</span></span></i><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> [en ligne, ressource payante], Oxford <span class="SpellE">University</span> <span class="SpellE">Press</span>, 2010. </span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><a href="http://dictionary.oed.com/"><span lang="FR">http://dictionary.oed.com/</span></a></span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> (page consultée le 25 avril 2010).</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; text-transform: uppercase;"><br />
<br />
Payen</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> (Anselme), <i>Des substances alimentaires</i>, Louis Hachette, 1853.<o:p></o:p></span><i><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><br />
<br />
Petit Robert (Le)</span></i><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">, Dictionnaires Le Robert, 2007.<o:p></o:p></span><i><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><br />
<br />
Petit Larousse (Le)</span></i><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">, Larousse, 2010.<o:p></o:p></span><i><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><br />
<br />
Petit Larousse illustré</span></i><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">, sous la <span class="SpellE">dir</span>. de Claude Augé, Larousse, 1913.<o:p></o:p></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; text-transform: uppercase;"><br />
<br />
Spencer</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> (Colin), <i>The Heretic’s <span class="GramE">Feast :</span> a history of vegetarianism</i>, University Press of New England, 1996.<o:p></o:p></span><span class="SpellE"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; text-transform: uppercase;"><br />
<br />
Suzineau</span></span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> (René), <i>Le Végétarisme</i>, Seghers, 1977.<o:p></o:p></span><i><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><br />
<br />
Trésor de la langue française informatisé (Le)</span></i><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> [en ligne], CNRS, <span class="SpellE">Atilf</span>, 2002.</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> </span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><a href="http://atilf.atilf.fr/"><span lang="EN-US">http://atilf.atilf.fr/</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> (page <span class="SpellE">consultée</span> le 25 <span class="SpellE">avril</span> 2010).</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><div class="Sources"><span class="GramE"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><br />
« Vegetarian Society », <span class="SpellE">dans</span> <i>Scientific American</i>, Munn and Company, 6 <span class="SpellE">janvier</span> 1849.</span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><o:p></o:p></span><span class="GramE"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; text-transform: uppercase;"><br />
<br />
Vegetarian Society of the United Kingdom (The)</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">, <i>Vegetarian Society</i> [en <span class="SpellE">ligne</span>].</span></span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> </span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><a href="http://www.vegsoc.org/">http://www.vegsoc.org/</a> (page <span class="SpellE">consultée</span> le 25 <span class="SpellE">avril</span> 2010).</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; text-transform: uppercase;"><br />
<br />
Webster</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> (Noah), <i>An American dictionary of the English language</i>, G. <span class="GramE">et</span> C. Merriam, 1865.</span></div><div style="color: white;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">0</span></div><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><span style="color: white;">0</span></span><br />
<span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> </span></div>à proposhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03893004558708402586noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3624339048396268932.post-37013605539844202872010-07-21T16:07:00.003+02:002010-08-30T21:41:36.032+02:00Language resource apps for the iPad<div class="WordSection1"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjOAiGZwv53Fhwb8lRPaI3Y363RnDaLYRMJnJhR_pMW2EyWyHfT2_yiECI5onUQ3tpo-LYnjVrABoprT9Q6Nq7pqPRckAUGL0KXymRH9QIVqg0aFADuHdPhTxopkUzt2zZCPOlNv_lEia_l/s1600/Passport+photo+2009-07.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjOAiGZwv53Fhwb8lRPaI3Y363RnDaLYRMJnJhR_pMW2EyWyHfT2_yiECI5onUQ3tpo-LYnjVrABoprT9Q6Nq7pqPRckAUGL0KXymRH9QIVqg0aFADuHdPhTxopkUzt2zZCPOlNv_lEia_l/s200/Passport+photo+2009-07.jpg" width="200" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Bruce D. Popp</td></tr>
</tbody></table><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">I have an iPad (which I use a lot and like enormously; I never got an iPhone) and I've been looking at French-English language resource apps. Here's my review of what I've seen, including one bright spot and starting with my conditions.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">In looking at apps I want iPad apps; iPhone apps work on an iPad but don't look any better than they do on an iPhone---they still use a small window and tiny keyboard, which are the two leading reasons (I have more) that I never got an iPhone.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">For bilingual dictionaries, my standard references are my two workhorses:<i> The</i> <i>Collins-Robert Electronic French Dictionary</i> which says it has "over one million translations and includes some 120,000 entries" and the paper <i>Oxford-Hachette French Dictionary</i>, Third Edition which says it has "over 900,000 words, phrases, and translations," and in another place on the dust jacket "over 360,000 words and phrases, and 550,000 translations." In practical use, I haven't seen much difference in the extent or comprehensiveness of the coverage. Obviously comparing and making sense of these numbers is ambiguous. I would like an iPad app of comparable coverage.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Finally I'm looking at apps on the <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">US</st1:place></st1:country-region> iTunes store. (To make iTunes purchases, the billing address for your credit/debit card must be in the country corresponding to the store. There is a <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">France</st1:place></st1:country-region> iTunes store, but I am unable to make purchases there.)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">So here goes:<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Monolingual French<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Here's the bright spot:<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">The app name is Dictionnaire, the icon is a book with a brown cover, yellow "D" on the cover and a "bleu, blanc et rouge" bookmark sticking out between the pages. The very modest icon goes well with a very modest price of $1.99. But under the modest cover, this is the <i>Trésor de la langue française informatisé</i> in full. I've only looked up about a half-dozen words, but I've been pleased. Most other dictionaries have prices closer to book prices, so this price can't be beat. Worth a special trip to the app store.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Le Robert has <i>Dixel</i> for $11.99 but no <i>Nouveau Petit Robert</i> (or <i>Grand Robert</i>). I haven't considered buying it.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Larousse and others have iPhone apps, but I haven't looked at those for the reasons given above.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Monolingual English<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">I have the paper and PC versions of <i>The American Heritage Dictionary</i>, Fourth Edition. It is available as an iPhone app, but not an iPad app. While writing this review, I sent the publisher an e-mail asking if they had a release date for an iPad version, and they replied that it was in testing. The iPhone app price is $29.95. I'm waiting for an iPad version of this one.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><i><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Webster's Third New International Dictionary, Unabridged</span></i><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> is available in a "designed for both iPhone and iPad" version. The price is $59.99 which seems expensive. I've heard that this edition of Webster's (paper version) is dated and overdue for an update. I'm not going to purchase this one.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">(For completeness, I should note that <i>Merriam-Webster's</i> <i>Collegiate Dictionary</i>, Eleventh Edition is available as an iPad app for $24.99. This is an abridged dictionary with substantially fewer entries than either the American Heritage or Webster's. I'm not going to purchase this one either.)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">For people who work with that other language with the same name but spoken on the other side of the Atlantic, Chambers has an iPad dictionary but <st1:city w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Oxford</st1:place></st1:city> only has iPhone versions.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Bilingual Dictionaries<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><i><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Collins Pro French-English Translation Dictionary</span></i><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">, iPhone $24.99. It says it has "84,000 fully developed definitions for 45,000 headwords". Clearly this doesn't come close to measuring up to my two workhorses (above) and it's an iPhone app.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><i><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Larousse English/French Dictionary</span></i><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">, iPhone $5.95. It says it has 250,000 words and phrases and 400,000 translations. This is better than the Collins app, but still not up to the workhorses and it too is an iPhone app. The price seems surprisingly low.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><i><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Oxford Hachette French Dictionary</span></i><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">, iPhone $24.95. It says "over 360,000 words and phrases and 550,000 translations" just like my paper third edition (but without the "<st1:city w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Oxford</st1:place></st1:city> comma"). This meets the standard for coverage, but it is not an iPad app. Again, while writing this review, I sent the publisher an e-mail asking if they had a release date for an iPad version, and they replied, "At the moment we do not have available version for iPad because Oxford University Press has still not licensed rights to publish on iPad to any software publisher."<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><i><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">French-English Translation Dictionary </span></i><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">by UltraLingua, iPad $19.99. I don't know anything about Ultralingua. They say they have "over 85,000 headwords and 270,000 definitions". Numerically better and cheaper than Collins and it is an iPad app, but it falls short of Larousse, Oxford Hachette, and my expectations.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><i><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Harrap's Unabridged English <-> French Dictionary</span></i><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">, iPad $29.99. It says its dictionary database has over 137,000 entries. So, this too seems to fall short of my expectations.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Summary<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">If you like iPhone apps, you have good options. On the iPad the TLFi is a bright spot; otherwise, I'm waiting for better options to become available.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div></div>à proposhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03893004558708402586noreply@blogger.com6tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3624339048396268932.post-76892470224823472002010-07-04T10:21:00.003+02:002010-08-30T21:45:27.764+02:00Interviews with Karen: Ann Wiles<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJIv2liHyYU87RCHIpP4Gnfd7WZ54Dju_SKlZ7gM6rGaYEWAuu7cwG5omz77qN6uSreLyTGCy4_1_JWljkp_XUzmcGpkYC3rlHMM5Y4SbewxDKMNsqA4IW0fA02gP6DdwouRLxZeafDLOR/s1600/AWPhoto.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJIv2liHyYU87RCHIpP4Gnfd7WZ54Dju_SKlZ7gM6rGaYEWAuu7cwG5omz77qN6uSreLyTGCy4_1_JWljkp_XUzmcGpkYC3rlHMM5Y4SbewxDKMNsqA4IW0fA02gP6DdwouRLxZeafDLOR/s200/AWPhoto.jpg" width="183" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Ann Wiles</td></tr>
</tbody></table><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">An interview by contributor Karen Tkaczyk.</span></i><b><u><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><o:p></o:p></span></u></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><o:p><br />
</o:p></span><b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> </span></b></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">For those readers who don't know you, can you tell us a little about your personal and educational background?</span></b></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><o:p></o:p></span></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><o:p><br />
</o:p>It took me longer than most to figure out what I wanted to be when I grew up. The School of Music at the University of Michigan was my first stop on a long journey. My next choice for my college major was German, but I didn't think there was any way to make a living with a language major, so I transferred to the School of Nursing out of a strong interest in anything medical. After receiving my undergraduate degree, I worked as a registered nurse (RN) in public health for four years. I then began work on a Master of Public Health at the University of Michigan but switched to the Master of Business Administration (MBA) program at Oakland University, which would give me broader opportunities to be involved in business management.<br />
<br />
<o:p></o:p>I returned to hospital work as the Department Manager of Management Systems. After being promoted to Assistant Hospital Director at one of the largest hospitals in the country, I was responsible for managing large budgets, multiple departments, large groups of people, and several outpatient facilities. After 10 years in hospital administration, I had tired of the stress of a high-powered job, so I decided to take one more stab at the perfect career. Through a series of lucky coincidences, I became hooked on French and learned that there was a profession called "translation." I needed the time and freedom of mind to acquire the necessary expertise in both French and translation, so I became a Certified Coding Specialist (CCS). Coders read and analyze medical records and then assign the proper diagnosis and procedure codes. This provided me with unexpected benefits in translation later on.<o:p><br />
</o:p></span><b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> </span></b></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">How or why did you get started in T&I?<o:p></o:p></span></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><o:p><br />
</o:p> </span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">The United Nations was a favorite destination for school trips when I was growing up. The buildings were impressive, but I was the most fascinated by the simultaneous interpreters. I never wanted to be an interpreter and didn't discover until many, many years later that there was such a thing as a translator. I found out through my umpteenth version of "What Color is Your Parachute?" and a particularly good career skills test that led me to the codes in the U.S. government's "Dictionary of Occupational Titles" that best suited me. One of those occupations was translator, and I knew immediately that I had found my career.<o:p><br />
</o:p>When I was finally ready to take the plunge, I decided that I wanted an official credential in translation, but no programs were available locally. I couldn't even find a translation course until I realized (duh!) that where I lived in Michigan was right next door to a country with French as one of its official languages. My first course in translation was at the University of Windsor in Windsor, Ontario, Canada. The Windsor course helped me get admitted to the translation program at Georgetown University in Washington, D.C. The Georgetown program was exactly what I needed to learn translation (French to English specifically), translation business practices, and knowledge in both languages of a broad range of subject areas. I commuted from Detroit to Washington for two semesters while working full time as a coder. I had a ball and even got to see the cherry blossoms that year. In 2001, I received a Certificate of Proficiency in French to English Translation, which was a great help in becoming ATA certified very early in my translation career.<o:p><br />
</o:p></span><b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> </span></b></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Do you have a good early story about your business?</span></b></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><o:p></o:p></span></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><o:p><br />
</o:p>Given my productivity and MBA background, I never had problems with such things as estimating how long a project would take or getting paid. Early on, however, I found it difficult to resist the temptation to translate too "literally" for editors who seemed to prefer it. I had one very painful experience with taking a job I shouldn't have taken because it required a style very different from my technical writing style. I compounded the mistake by translating too "literally" and not the way I was trained. The job was sent back to me for a redo. I was crushed and terrified, but I used everything I had been taught and desperately called on skills I didn't know I had to rewrite the translation. The agency loved it and was enthusiastic about how much their end-client would love it. I learned my lesson and never received a redo again.<o:p><br />
</o:p></span><b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> </span></b></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Do you have a typical customer?</span></b></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><o:p></o:p></span></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><o:p><br />
</o:p>I have been translating mostly for agencies in the U.S., Canada, and Western Europe. Recently, I started adding direct clients for medical records translations with a good response so far.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><o:p><br />
</o:p></span><b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">What is unusual or unique about your practice in comparison to your competitors?<o:p></o:p></span></b></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br />
</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">• I have real-life, professional (non-translation) experience related to most of the translations that I take, from operative reports to human resource management to standard operating procedures to deciphering physician handwriting. My clients sense the difference in my translations, which stems from the fact that I have personally worked in an operating room, managed people in a large corporation, and written procedures in a business environment.<br />
<br />
<o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">• I track quantitative indicators for my translation business. The greatest benefit is knowing ahead of time how long a project will take, since I have a strong aversion to staying up all night working on a translation (or anything else). Although I generally charge by the word, I track how much I make per hour, which assists me in determining, for example, if a certain payment "discount" makes sense. Surprisingly, it often does.<br />
<br />
<o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">• I get much of my continuing education alongside physicians through the University of Michigan Medical School and receive credits approved by the American Medical Association.<br />
<br />
<o:p></o:p></span><b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Do you have a customer experience or feedback that you are most proud of?</span></b></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><o:p></o:p></span></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><o:p><br />
</o:p>A number of years ago, a new agency client asked me to translate large volumes of handwritten physician progress notes. Their medically related end-client was quite concerned about translation quality as the result of previous bad experiences elsewhere. I had a tough time with the first few pages, which they wanted up front as a sample, but they gave me the go-ahead. After I submitted the 90 or so pages, the agency owner called to tell me that their end-client was "drooling" over the translation.<br />
<br />
<o:p></o:p></span><b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Does your business have an online presence?</span></b></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><o:p></o:p></span></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><o:p><br />
</o:p>My Web site is <u>www.awiles.net</u>. Having developed it mostly for informational purposes, I was very surprised when my most recent new client told me she found me through a general Google search. My listing in the ATA directory has been a great source of work. As for more popular avenues such as Facebook, their signal-to-noise ratio still seems less than optimal to me, but I am investigating LinkedIn.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><o:p><br />
</o:p></span><b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Do you do any non-profit work related to T&I?</span></b></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><o:p></o:p></span></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><o:p><br />
</o:p>I have been translating as a volunteer for Traducteurs Sans Frontières/Médecins Sans Frontières in Paris for many years.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><o:p><br />
</o:p></span><b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Do you have an interesting story about a customer interaction you had?<o:p></o:p></span></b></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br />
</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Yes, but it's not printable. I have a good one, though, about searching for terminology. Medical records are notorious for their abbreviations and symbols. I can usually figure out symbols from the context, but nursing notes from France have arrows (some up, some down, some on the diagonal, etc.) that I couldn't figure out even after one 200-page job. I keep a list with me when I travel in case I find someone who can help. I came down with a minor illness that nevertheless needed immediate treatment while I was on what happened to be a French cruise ship in the Antarctic. The doctor was ashore visiting the penguins (I had already had my turn), so I struck up a conversation with the French nurse while waiting for him to get back. She had the answer to my question and was thrilled to be having a conversation in French. It turns out that no matter what direction the arrows are pointing, it always means the same thing, and it is true across hospitals in France. It refers to stopping or removing something such as a catheter, an IV, oxygen, etc. According to her, there is no symbol at all for starting a treatment. No wonder I was confused.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><o:p><br />
</o:p></span><b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">What are some of your greatest challenges in your business?<br />
<br />
<o:p></o:p></span></b></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">• Dealing with too much work.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">• Dealing with not enough work.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br />
</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><i><o:p>Ann may be reached at </o:p>ann@awiles.net or +1 734-347-8183.</i><o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div>à proposhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03893004558708402586noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3624339048396268932.post-17614078744149062432010-06-10T23:16:00.000+02:002010-06-10T23:16:02.000+02:00Call for nominations<div class="MsoNormal"> </div><div style="text-align: justify;">The nominating committee has received a great nomination for Administrator. Only one, so at this point the election will be uncontested. <br />
<br />
Before the beginning of July we need a nomination for Assistant Administrator. We are telling members that we have a candidate for Administrator in the hope that this will inspire one or more of you to offer to help him run the FLD. Yes, him! The FLD will have a man in charge after a long time, unless of course other nominations for Administrator come in before the deadline and we hold an election.<br />
<br />
The call for Nominations is at <a href="http://groups.yahoo.com/group/listeFLD/files/FLD_Call%20for%20nominations.pdf" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span class="yshortcuts" id="lw_1276203882_0">http://groups.yahoo.com/group/listeFLD/files/FLD_Call%20for%20nominations.pdf</span></a>. It has lots more information and the link for the nomination form. Please contact any of the nominating committee (me, Julie Porter, Alan Dages and Patrice Vanhyle) for further information. We will publish the slate of candidates in early July.</div><br />
Karen Tkaczyk (Nominating Committee Chair)à proposhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03893004558708402586noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3624339048396268932.post-19691505302862324842010-05-17T12:09:00.007+02:002010-08-30T21:46:49.912+02:00Interviews with Karen: Eric Bullington<div class="Section1"><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div></div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbmZRzu0WfPKdYQtOcbgzSCuT1Il6clDxuAillXQTQI1uNGufOQtinel9khoNTRnvEMGdYuQg6QSqUKI94VekHuSpGPLK_hfl2BeItaH4dJuEtzLfLKS12HouQsDesdM1E8VF0_tdA7I_d/s1600/Eric-S-BULLINGTON-gif.gif" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbmZRzu0WfPKdYQtOcbgzSCuT1Il6clDxuAillXQTQI1uNGufOQtinel9khoNTRnvEMGdYuQg6QSqUKI94VekHuSpGPLK_hfl2BeItaH4dJuEtzLfLKS12HouQsDesdM1E8VF0_tdA7I_d/s200/Eric-S-BULLINGTON-gif.gif" width="160" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Eric Bullington</td></tr>
</tbody></table><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><i> </i><i>An interview by contributor Karen Tkaczyk.</i></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b>For those readers who don’t know you, can you tell us a little about your personal and educational background?<br />
</b><i><br />
</i>I spent the 1990s traveling and living in Europe and North Africa and studying in the US. In 1997, I was awarded a bachelor’s degree in French by the College of Charleston, as well as a university specialization in the Classics (Greek, Latin, and classical civilization) called the <i>Artium Baccalaureatus </i>degree. I was introduced to the world of medicine and health in the late-1990s when I underwent training as an emergency medical technician; during training I completed over 200 hours of coursework in emergency medicine and worked alongside nurses and physicians both in the field and in hospitals. In 1999, I went to <st1:city w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">New Orleans</st1:place></st1:city> to study public health at the Tulane School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine and decided to specialize in international health, which was a natural progression for me. While at Tulane, I also had the opportunity to take coursework in epidemiology as well as clinical classes in tropical medicine. I soon switched to part-time status at Tulane as a result of an opportunity that I was given to work as a contract interpreter and translator for Catholic Charities Office of Refugee Resettlement in <st1:city w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">New Orleans</st1:place></st1:city>. For several ensuing years, I worked as an interpreter and studied public health part-time at Tulane (I received my Master of Public Health degree from Tulane in 2003). In 2002, I went to <st1:city w:st="on">Baltimore</st1:city> for a summer and completed 12 hours of graduate coursework in epidemiology and biostatistics from <st1:placename w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on"><st1:placename w:st="on">Johns</st1:placename> <st1:placename w:st="on">Hopkins</st1:placename> <st1:placetype w:st="on">University</st1:placetype></st1:place></st1:placename>. I subsequently spent one year working as a public health researcher and statistician. During this same time, I also started working as a part-time freelance translator specializing in medical and pharmaceutical translations and in 2004 I began translating full-time. I now work exclusively with documentation from the fields of medicine, public health, international development, and the pharmaceutical industry. I maintain my ties to public health and medicine by volunteering with my local branch of the Medical Reserve Corps (MRC). I serve on the branch’s steering committee and frequently participate in training in disaster medicine and public health preparedness. Last year, I represented the MRC on the South Carolina Pandemic Influenza Ethics Task Force, which drafted a white paper to serve as an ethical framework for South Carolina's response to an influenza pandemic (which came in handy during the H1N1 pandemic).<b><br />
<br />
How or why did you get started in T&I?</b><i><br />
<br />
</i>It’s an interesting story. I was already fluent in French and Bosnian before I started my studies in public health at <st1:placename w:st="on">Tulane</st1:placename> <st1:placetype w:st="on">University</st1:placetype> in <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:city w:st="on">New Orleans</st1:city></st1:place>. During the winter break of my first year at the program, I did a short volunteer stint in post-war Kosovo helping to do structural assessments for a small non-governmental organization. Upon my return, I noted an article in the local paper about a group of refugee families that were being re-settled in <st1:city w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">New Orleans</st1:place></st1:city> by Catholic Charities of New Orleans. None of the Kosovar Albanian refugees spoke English. I called Catholic Charities to volunteer my services as a speaker of the language(s) referred to as “Bosnian/Croatian/Serbian” by the United Nations, which is spoken fluently by many Albanians from Kosovo. They called me in and after watching me interact with the refugees, offered me a job as a translator and interpreter. So my on-the-job training started immediately, and within weeks I was doing consecutive interpreting at job seminars and other events held for refugees from both Kosovo and Bosnia, as well as doing a great deal of community interpreting. I stopped interpreting in 2002, but I continued to translate as a freelancer, eventually making freelance translating my full-time job in 2004.<br />
<i><br />
</i><b>Do you have a good early story about your business?</b><i><br />
<br />
</i>If we are honest, I suspect that most translators have terrible yet revealing stories from their early years in the business, ones in which they end up pounding out 10,000 words of translation over a 24-hour period. Although intensively unpleasant at the time, these incidents do at times result in good stories (or at least interesting ones) and I certainly have my share of them. During my first year or two, I sometimes misjudged project deadlines and then stayed up all night to finish in time. Fortunately, those of us who stick with freelance translation live and learn; now, after ten years of full- and part-time work in the translation industry, I’m happy to have achieved a level of consistency and quality that is no longer conducive to that type of “good” story. An ideal project for me is an uneventful project where everything goes according to plan, even though such projects rarely lead to a good story.<i><br />
<br />
</i><b>Do you have a typical customer?</b><i><br />
<br />
</i>My typical agency client is one specializing in medical, or at the very least scientific, translations. And because of my background in international health and development, I’m picking up more and more direct clients in that area, many of whom are connected with the United Nations system or the United States Agency for International Development.<i><br />
</i><b><br />
What is unusual or unique about your practice, in comparison to your competitors?<o:p></o:p></b><br />
<br />
I’m quick to learn new computer-assisted translation (CAT) <span class="GramE">tools –</span>or translation environment tools (<span class="SpellE">TEnTs</span>), if you prefer – and am happy to learn proprietary software for my clients, as long as I’m allowed to leverage my existing translation memories and terminology bases on the new software. However, I generally do not offer “translation-memory discounts” or “fuzzy match rates.”<i><br />
<br />
</i><b>Do you have a customer experience or feedback that you are most proud of?</b><i><br />
<br />
</i>My most recent direct client has both subject area expertise in the area of my translation, as well as fluency in both the source and target language, and she was very pleased with my work. It’s very rewarding for me to receive compliments directly from the end users of my translations, particularly when they are subject area experts.<i><br />
<br />
</i><b>Does your business have an online presence? A website, blog or a profile on social web spaces like Linked In, Facebook, MySpace or YouTube?</b><i><br />
<br />
</i>My main website is in a blog format (I use WordPress), and I feature my Twitter feed on my website’s home page (<a href="http://www.clinicaltranslations.com/">www.clinicaltranslations.com</a>). I’ve been on LinkedIn since its beginning, and although not every interaction I’ve had has led to work, I have been able to connect with colleagues and potential clients, which has benefited my business in the end.<i><br />
<br />
</i><b>Do you do any non-profit work related to T&I?</b><i><br />
<br />
</i>Yes, I do frequent volunteer work for Doctors Without Borders/Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF). I contribute a great deal of unpaid work to MSF-USA, mostly in the form of translations but also some project management skills, such as earlier this year when I coordinated their translator response to the earthquake in Haiti. I also occasionally accept paid contracts from MSF-USA when they’ve specifically budgeted for a translation. This arrangement recently gave me the opportunity to translate a chapter from an MSF book on humanitarian assistance in <st1:country-region w:st="on">Niger</st1:country-region> called <i>A Not-so Natural Disaster: <st1:country-region w:st="on">Niger</st1:country-region> ’05</i>, edited by Xavier Crombé and Jean-Hervé Jézéquel and published by Columbia University Press in 2009. I donate my time and expertise to MSF because I strongly believe in their mission, but without question, this collaboration has been mutually beneficial. I’ve learned a lot from the projects I’ve done for them and met some very knowledgeable colleagues along the way.<i><br />
</i><b><br />
Do you have an interesting story about a customer interaction you had?</b><i><br />
<br />
</i>Unfortunately, the most interesting customer interactions I’ve had are all bound by confidentiality agreements, so I can’t share them. But I can say that I had the opportunity to translate some interesting material in Bosnian relating to national security back when I did translations outside of the medical and pharmaceutical fields. And I’ve had a chance to translate the medical records of a world leader. But for me, every informed consent form or journal article that I translate is interesting – I genuinely enjoy what I do.<i><br />
<br />
</i><b>What are some of your greatest challenges in your business? Has the recession affected you in any way? If so, how so?</b><i><o:p></o:p></i><br />
<br />
The greatest I challenge I have now is finding enough time to continue to conduct marketing for my business. I have enough client demand now that I could spend all of my time translating. Unfortunately, that type of monolithic business strategy will likely leave me with the same revenue in five years that I earn now. So I need to force myself to do whatever it takes – including turning down jobs – to make time to market my services to higher-paying clients. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">I’m very fortunate not to have been affected by the recession. Over the past year, my income has risen by as much as it rose in the years preceding the recession.</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: white;">0 </span></div></div>à proposhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03893004558708402586noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3624339048396268932.post-14774081341760849052010-05-11T03:44:00.002+02:002010-08-30T20:57:17.155+02:00Concours pour le recrutement d'interprètes de langue française<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiu6ewwr5nWeEkUJjCMBNmOfcY927Fz0q-nWt_AoHGC_2eDqjUtSi9TXK2FQiTKymPuL1HFMdsYbp7pS4RIQ6HLsn6wN3SvLHEQnDzZRXK1urHKUF6P346T90z_E-RkEuUAV1ySUhf2L0hf/s1600/COS_Apr10_e_p2+%28WinCE%29.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiu6ewwr5nWeEkUJjCMBNmOfcY927Fz0q-nWt_AoHGC_2eDqjUtSi9TXK2FQiTKymPuL1HFMdsYbp7pS4RIQ6HLsn6wN3SvLHEQnDzZRXK1urHKUF6P346T90z_E-RkEuUAV1ySUhf2L0hf/s200/COS_Apr10_e_p2+%28WinCE%29.jpg" width="145" /></a></div>Chers collègues,<br />
<br />
J'ai le grand plaisir de vous annoncer qu'en juin 2010, le Secrétariat de l'Organisation des Nations Unies organisera un concours pour le recrutement d'interprètes de langue française. Le concours aura lieu normalement le 29 juin 2010. Les dossiers de candidature doivent être reçus le 14 mai 2010 au plus tard.<br />
<br />
Veuillez trouver à l'adresse internet ci-dessous l'annonce contenant les détails concernant ce concours.<br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.un.org/french/Depts/OHRM/examin/fexam.htm">http://www.un.org/french/Depts/OHRM/examin/fexam.htm</a><br />
<br />
Bonne chance!<br />
Virginia<br />
<br />
Virginia K. Fox, CT<br />
FLD Administratorà proposhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03893004558708402586noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3624339048396268932.post-5295758721306449312010-04-27T12:33:00.001+02:002010-05-17T12:17:11.307+02:00FLD call for nominationsThe French Language Division Nominating Committee is pleased to call for nominations from the FLD membership for the following positions:<br />
<br />
Administrator (2-year term)<br />
Assistant Administrator (2-year term)<br />
<br />
Election of these officers is held every two years in accordance with our FLD bylaws. The results of the election will be announced at the FLD Annual Meeting, which will be held during ATA’s 51st Annual Conference in Denver, Colorado, October 27-30, 2010. Terms will be served from that date.<br />
<br />
FLD OFFICER DUTIES<br />
FLD officers must be members of the French Language Division as well as voting members of ATA. You will find a summary of duties for both the administrator and assistant administrator positions online at http://www.americantranslators.org/divisions/Officer_Duties.pdf<br />
Serving in a division leadership role provides enormous opportunity, both professionally and personally. Division officers frequently find themselves becoming more successful in their own careers as they develop additional skills, make useful business connections, and share ideas with other division members.<br />
<br />
HOW TO NOMINATE A CANDIDATE<br />
Your assistance in helping the FLD Nominating Committee identify interested, capable colleagues is crucial to the election process and the division. Qualified candidates must be voting (active or corresponding) members of ATA and members of the French Language Division. Any division member may make a nomination, and self-nominations are also welcome.<br />
If you plan to put a name forward for a nomination, it would be helpful if you could contact the potential nominee first and tell them of your intention. Let them know that a nomination does not guarantee a formal invitation to run for office. Remember that FLD officers serve on a volunteer basis; please do not nominate colleagues who express serious concerns about service or who have conflicting priorities.<br />
<br />
To nominate a candidate for FLD office, you may contact any member of the Nominating Committee listed below or download the Nomination Form from http://www.atanet.org/divisions/elections_2010/nomform_FLD.pdf<br />
<br />
The nomination form may be mailed, emailed or faxed to ATA Headquarters:<br />
<br />
Jamie Padula<br />
Chapter and Division Relations Manager<br />
American Translators Association<br />
225 Reinekers Lane, Suite 590<br />
Alexandria, Virginia 22314<br />
Fax (703) 683-6122<br />
<br />
FLD NOMINATING COMMITTEE<br />
A Nominating Committee has been appointed to actively seek nominations for candidates. Members of the 2010 FLD Nominating Committee are:<br />
<br />
• Alan Dages RightWord33 AT cs.com<br />
• Julie Porter julie.porter AT prodigy.net<br />
• Karen Tkaczyk karen AT mcmillantranslation.com (Chair)<br />
• Patrice Vanhyle pvhtranslate AT yahoo.com<br />
<br />
ELECTION SCHEDULE<br />
Following the publication of the slate of candidates to our membership, there will be a 30-day window of time in which written petitions from additional candidates will be accepted. Each candidate’s petition to be added to the ballot must be accompanied by signatures of 15 FLD members in good standing.<br />
<br />
In the case of an uncontested election, Division officers shall be declared by acclamation. In the case of a contested election, balloting shall be conducted only by mail ballot, and ballots will be mailed to membership no later than September 15, 2010. Faxed ballots will be accepted. There will be no voting by proxy.<br />
<br />
July 2 Deadline for nomination for officers to Nominating Committee<br />
July 21 Slate of candidates published<br />
September 4 Deadline for receipt of petition to add candidates to slate<br />
September 15 Ballots mailed if more than one candidate running for any office<br />
October 20 Deadline for receipt of ballots<br />
<br />
We hope you will take this opportunity to consider stepping forward as a volunteer during the coming year – if not as a candidate for office, then perhaps as a mentor to a new member or a contributor to our division newsletter. There are many ways to be involved, and volunteering is a wonderful way not only to share your experience but also to expand your network of contacts.<br />
<br />
As always, your support of the French Language Division and ATA is appreciated.<br />
<br />
Thank you,<br />
2010 FLD Nominating Committeeà proposhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03893004558708402586noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3624339048396268932.post-1968355348225925972010-03-04T14:58:00.003+01:002010-03-04T15:03:15.736+01:00ATA 51st Annual Conference Presentation Proposals Due March 8<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgh1EyWsZvPePn5LJPwG26CIZlznSbH7PRR-u1D2wNSJrkARYb1ETyR6iLSNe3LXH2bid7G8I4KDaZPbilp3-Za6xrnZPN_nj8xGN2ZfGm2O-zzgB2zKqAut5_j0PCkHQurDreSpp6NWZLM/s1600-h/VKF.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgh1EyWsZvPePn5LJPwG26CIZlznSbH7PRR-u1D2wNSJrkARYb1ETyR6iLSNe3LXH2bid7G8I4KDaZPbilp3-Za6xrnZPN_nj8xGN2ZfGm2O-zzgB2zKqAut5_j0PCkHQurDreSpp6NWZLM/s200/VKF.jpg" width="177" /></a></div><div style="text-align: justify;">The American Translators Association is now accepting presentation proposals for ATA's 51st Annual Conference in Denver, Colorado (October 27-30, 2010).</div><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">Submissions are invited from all areas of translation and interpreting, including financial, legal, medical, literary, media, science and technology, terminology, training and pedagogy, independent contracting,and language services providers. Sessions may be language-specific or general.</div><br />
All proposals are selected through a competitive peer-review process.<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">As the current Administrator of the French Language Division I would like to encourage the "experts" among you to make a presentation at the ATA's Annual Conference this Fall in Denver, Colorado. This will offer you a unique opportunity to enhance your professional standing. ATA also offers speakers discounted conference registration fees.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">If you do decide to present a paper, please make sure that you select "French" as the "Topic of presentation" if it is related to the French Language of course! This is a separate selection from the "presenting language" where you can select either French or English depending on the language you are most comfortable in for your presentation.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: left;">Visit <a href="http://www.atanet.org/conferencesandseminars/proposal.php" target="_blank"><span class="yshortcuts" id="lw_1267709051_0">http://www.atanet.org/conferencesandseminars/proposal.php</span></a> to learn more about the proposal process and to access the proposal form.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">The deadline for submitting a presentation proposal is March 8, 2010.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Thank you very much for your willingness to share your precious knowledge with your peers!</div><div style="text-align: justify;">__________________________________________________</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">FOR QUESTIONS RELATED TO THE FRENCH LANGUAGE DIVISION PRESENTATIONS:</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Contact: Virginia Fox, FLD Administrator</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Email: <a href="mailto:vkfox@vkfox.com" ymailto="mailto:vkfox@vkfox.com"><span class="yshortcuts" id="lw_1267709051_1">vkfox@vkfox.com</span></a></div><br />
FOR ADMINISTRATIVE QUESTIONS? NEED INFO?<br />
Contact Maggie Rowe, Membership Services Manager<br />
Phone: (703) 683-6100<br />
Email: <a href="mailto:Maggie@atanet.org" ymailto="mailto:Maggie@atanet.org"><span class="yshortcuts" id="lw_1267709051_2">Maggie@atanet.org</span></a><br />
__________________________________________________<br />
<br />
MAKE PLANS NOW TO ATTEND!!<br />
<br />
ATA 51st Annual Conference<br />
Hyatt Regency Denver<br />
Denver, Colorado<br />
October 27-30, 2010à proposhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03893004558708402586noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3624339048396268932.post-64734176738807911822010-02-22T13:08:00.004+01:002010-08-30T21:50:37.607+02:00SDL Global Financial Intelligence Report: A World of Opportunities for Financial Translators<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi_PKrlB7V8ydiIdspNHjELh4pL0jQ0DwBbY5JLp3NpXydhph_M8UUJO0lH2zFXzzIbcZYmLwbJfRoKVKSw_I8OBYih5464S4HbqKh3Zfz-0aslqciF_ADQU3T9a6ei9nsm19tJNStmHaWs/s1600-h/Alan.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi_PKrlB7V8ydiIdspNHjELh4pL0jQ0DwBbY5JLp3NpXydhph_M8UUJO0lH2zFXzzIbcZYmLwbJfRoKVKSw_I8OBYih5464S4HbqKh3Zfz-0aslqciF_ADQU3T9a6ei9nsm19tJNStmHaWs/s200/Alan.jpg" width="163" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Alan <span class="SpellE">Dages</span></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">SDL sponsors several webinars a month aimed at their client base of translation companies and freelance translators. These presentations began in order to instruct users on how to get the best performance from SDL's computer aided translation products (Trados and SDLX) and have now expanded to include discussions on industry trends. The <a href="http://www.sdl.com/en/events/2010-01-14-global-financial-intelligence-report.asp">Global Financial Intelligence Report</a>, held on January 14 of this year, falls into the latter category. The format was a three-person panel that you could hear but not see, moderated by a fourth person. Katherine Weller, as the SDL representative, opened the program by citing the SDL mission statement and some figures expressing SDL’s predominant role in the computer aided translation business. Ms Weller also explained how the event’s 250 listeners could pose questions to the panelists by using a chat function. She then introduced <b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-weight: normal;">Mary Ellen Kelly, the moderator, by describing her background.<br />
<br />
Ms Kelly has been a</span></b> Vice President of Wealth Management at Morgan Stanley Smith Barney since 1997. She has concurrently been a Freelance Translator of financial and legal publications from Spanish, Portuguese, and Italian into English. Previously, she was Latin American Marketing Director of a communications equipment manufacturer and distributor in suburban <st1:city w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Philadelphia</st1:place></st1:city>. Ms Kelly described the webinar’s purpose as 1) demonstrating the opportunities these unprecedented times of turmoil in the financial markets can afford to experienced and aspiring financial translators, 2) defining the barriers to entry, and 3) offering practical steps and resources required to clear these hurdles. She then introduced the first of three panelists, <b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-weight: normal;">Marian S. Greenfield.</span></b> <br />
<br />
Marion Greenfield is currently a freelance translator of Spanish, Portuguese and French into English who also works as a translation industry consultant. She has translated in <st1:state w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">New York</st1:place></st1:state>'s financial district for over 20 years. She also served as ATA President from 2005 to 2007 and chairs its Professional Development Committee. She served the <st1:street w:st="on"><st1:address w:st="on">New York Circle</st1:address></st1:street> of Translators as President and Treasurer, and was Co-chair of the ATA’s East Coast Regional Conference Organizing Committee. Marian is currently writing a book, <i>A Guide to Ramping Up Your Translation Business</i>, with co-author Kerri Modla. It is scheduled to be released this year.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Unlike most financial translators, Marion had a background neither in finance nor in translation when she started out. Having majored in Spanish, she began her career as an in-house translator for three <st1:state w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">New York</st1:place></st1:state> banks where she had access to the authors of the documents she edited. She was often asked to give sight translations for financial analysts who would then explain the theory behind the financial concepts and terms she encountered in Spanish. Over a period of years, <st1:city w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Marion</st1:place></st1:city> gained a background in finance on the job. She supplemented this training by reading the financial press and taking courses in finance. Later she organized financial translation seminars under the auspices of the ATA. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Marion’s advice to beginning freelancers is to contribute to their ATA regional chapters and language divisions by volunteering their time and writing articles. Later, as they gain experience, they can dramatically enhance their reputation by making presentations at ATA conferences.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-weight: normal;">Stephanie <span class="SpellE">Tramdack</span>-Cash</span></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> was the next panelist to take the podium. Unlike <st1:city w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Marion</st1:place></st1:city>, Stephanie first learned about finance in school. She holds an undergraduate degree in English from <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:placename w:st="on">Bryn</st1:placename> <st1:placename w:st="on">Mawr</st1:placename> <st1:placetype w:st="on">College</st1:placetype></st1:place>, and earned an MBA in finance from the <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:placetype w:st="on">University</st1:placetype> of <st1:placename w:st="on">Pennsylvania</st1:placename></st1:place>’s <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:placename w:st="on">Wharton</st1:placename> <st1:placetype w:st="on">School</st1:placetype></st1:place>. She then worked for about twenty years in securities analysis and portfolio management with firms in <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:city w:st="on">Philadelphia</st1:city>, <st1:state w:st="on">New York</st1:state></st1:place>, and <st1:city w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Montreal</st1:place></st1:city>. Stephanie later moved to Cape May Court House to be with her new husband and found there was no place within commuting distance to practice her trade. She then taught French at several schools up to the community college level. This led to earning a Certificate in Translation Studies online from the <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:placetype w:st="on">University</st1:placetype> of <st1:placename w:st="on">Illinois</st1:placename></st1:place>, which prepared her for her next venture as a freelance translator of French into English with specialties in financial and maritime matters. As she described her background, Stephanie stressed the importance of the ATA and its role in fostering collegial exchanges. As a freelancer just starting out, Stephanie “felt right at home” in the ATA and its regional chapter, the Delaware Valley Translators Association (DVTA), where she attended conferences and other events. Stephanie now is kept busy translating for agencies which are the subsidiaries of large banks in <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">France</st1:place></st1:country-region>, <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Belgium</st1:place></st1:country-region> and <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Luxembourg</st1:place></st1:country-region>.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Ms Kelly asked Stephanie what has been the new client trend since 9/11, to which she replied new regulations aimed at encouraging financial institutions to know their customers better. Money laundering and corporate governance are two other areas receiving new regulation, and typify a trend to re-regulation, which could create a lot of translation work. Mutual funds are also a current hot topic. When asked to cite the biggest obstacle to the new financial translator, Stephanie cited “the disease of perfectionism” which she defined as striving so hard to do your best that it results in inertia. As further advice, she suggested attending the <i>Université d'été</i> to be held this summer in <st1:city w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Luxembourg City</st1:place></st1:city>. This is a biennial conference sponsored by the <i>Société française des traducteurs</i> and is attended by the leading translators working from and into French. She also mentioned the Chartered Financial Analyst (CFA) Institute as being a good source of information on finance.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Anne Connor was the last panelist to speak. Anne is currently President of the Delaware Valley Translators Association. Since 1991, she has been a freelance Italian-to-English and Spanish-to-English translator specializing in the business, legal and medical fields. Before that, she worked as a staff translator for the commodities trading division of a multinational corporation, and as an international marketing specialist for a major food producer. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica; font-size: small;"><span family="SANSSERIF" style="font-family: Arial;">When asked about the industry trends since 9/11, Anne described how she started doing financial translations of documents produced by a big lawsuit involving an Italian multinational corporation, which kept her busy for years. She bought SDLX to manage the heavy workload and then purchased Trados when SDLX was acquired by SDL. She was first asked to edit the translations of others done on Trados, and learned to use the tool gradually.</span></span></div><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">By way of advice to those interested in financial translation, Anne suggests they enter their profile in the ATA and DVTA databases, which are consulted by prospective clients. She also suggested attending conferences and seminars offered by your regional chapter. Over the past five years, the DVTA has invited experts at least twice a year to speak at its seminars for translators and interpreters. She advises beginners to be flexible about working on weekends and evenings, saying that was a way of fostering an ongoing relationship with project managers. Anne believes it still pays to send your résumé to language services providers, a task made easier by online application forms.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">A short question and answer period followed with listeners submitting their questions in writing. <st1:city w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Marion</st1:place></st1:city> answered the first query on the use of <st1:stockticker w:st="on">CAT</st1:stockticker> tools to translate annual reports. She uses Trados to translate highly repetitive central bank annual reports and achieves an output of up to 10,000 words a day at times. <st1:city w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Marion</st1:place></st1:city> also uses ABBY Transformer to convert pdf files for use in Trados.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">In the author’s opinion, this webinar was a bit limited by its hour-long format. Beginning financial translators could glean possible strategies from the three panelists’ varied backgrounds, and the advice they provided. Mary Ellen Kelly as moderator kept the discussion moving on schedule and posed the necessary questions. This was made easier by the panelists’ efforts to give succinct, targeted responses. They also offered to answer additional questions by email. In general, the webinar lived up to its promise and SDL should be commended for expanding the scope of these presentations.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Alan Dages</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><span style="color: white;">0</span></span></div>à proposhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03893004558708402586noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3624339048396268932.post-59743667161308234272009-12-31T19:23:00.003+01:002010-01-05T20:57:10.334+01:00Conference session review: “Research Techniques for French to English Legal Translation” (session LAW-2) by Cynthia L. Hazelton, JD, Hazelton Translations<div class="Section1"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p><i>Review <o:p></o:p></i></span><i><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">by</span></i><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;"><i> <a href="https://www.atanet.org/conf/2009/speakerbios.php#T">Eugenia Tumanova</a>, Quality Manager, Legal & Intellectual Properties, TransPerfect Translations. Contact: eugenia@tumanova.org. Session description <a href="https://www.atanet.org/conf/2009/byspecial.php#LAW-2">here</a>.</i><o:p></o:p></span> <br />
<div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">Most translators, including those who do not seek it out, are eventually asked to translate a legal document. Occasional and seasoned legal translators alike seek reliable dictionaries, glossaries, and well-organized reference documents and websites to help them achieve utmost accuracy and clarity in their translations. Therefore, it should come as no surprise that this presentation was eagerly awaited at the annual conference, as was evident from the number of people in attendance. <br />
<br />
An affable and clear communicator, <a href="https://www.atanet.org/conf/2009/speakerbios.php#H">Cynthia L. Hazelton</a>, JD, drew on her teaching experience and a background in law to guide us through the basic issues in legal translation, give us an overview of the types of resources used to research legal terminology, and illustrate the main points of the presentation through examples.<br />
<br />
A legal translator has to ask some of the same questions as a translator in any other field: What is the purpose of the text? Who is its intended audience? What register should be used? However, the legal translator is further challenged by the convoluted style of legal writing, the use of common words having entirely different meanings in legal contexts, and a vocabulary otherwise absent from regular discourse. As if that were not enough, the legal translator must probe further to identify the legal system that serves as the framework of the document and recognize any additional differences in legal concepts and terminology that might exist between the country in which the document originated and the country where the translation will be used.<br />
<br />
After a discussion of the broad differences between civil law, common law, combined civil and common law, and the various religious law systems that exist, Hazelton showed a map that illustrated that <b>it is crucial for a French-English translator to be knowledgeable about the different systems of law</b>: all four systems exist in the French-speaking world. <br />
<br />
Hazelton identified three categories of resources available to the legal translator. Primary resources are the original legislative codes, laws, treaties, court decision, and trial transcripts. Secondary sources interpret, evaluate, and comment on the primary documents and can take the form of articles in scholarly journals, criticism or commentary, magazine or newspaper articles. Many international organizations, such as the United Nations, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, the World Trade Organization, and the World Health Organization, to name a few, publish works that fall in this category, and frequently these publications are in English and French. Finally, tertiary sources, which include encyclopedias, dictionaries, glossaries, and textbooks, distill information from primary and secondary sources. While these are undeniably useful resources, <b>translators must not become “stuck” working solely with tertiary resources</b>, and should be prepared to dig through secondary and primary resources when searching for the right term.<br />
<br />
Finally, Hazelton reminded us to never underestimate the value of an expert’s opinion. As we build our own lists of favorite resources, develop our personal glossaries, and nurture our professional networks, it would behoove every dedicated legal translator to build contacts with experts in the fields of legal translation and law, colleagues that could be called on in a pinch to demystify a tortuous sentence or resolve a terminology conundrum. <o:p></o:p></span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Resources<o:p></o:p></span></b><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 11pt;">Suggested <st1:city w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Reading</st1:place></st1:city> on Common and Civil Law<o:p></o:p></span></b><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><st1:place w:st="on"><st1:city w:st="on"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">Cairns</span></st1:city></st1:place><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">, W. 1995.</span><i><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;"> <a href="http://www.amazon.com/Introduction-French-Law-Walter-Cairns/dp/1859411126/ref=ntt_at_ep_dpt_1">Introduction to French Law</a>.</span></i><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;"> Routledge Cavendish.†<o:p></o:p></span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://www.cba.org/cba/pubs/Main/orderdown.aspx">Canadian Bar Association</a> – <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:state w:st="on">Ontario</st1:state></st1:place>, et. al. 1994. <i>The New Civil Code: A Practical Guide to What Every <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:state w:st="on">Ontario</st1:state></st1:place> Lawyer Needs to Know about Québec Law</i>. <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:city w:st="on">Ottawa</st1:city></st1:place>: CBAO.</span><i><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></i><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">David, R. and De Vries, H. 1958.<i> <a href="http://www.amazon.com/FRENCH-LEGAL-SYSTEM-INTRODUCTION-SYSTEMS/dp/B000X7236Y/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1261885806&sr=1-1">The French Legal System: An Introduction to Civil Law Systems</a>. </i>Oceana Publications.† <o:p></o:p></span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">Glendon</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">, M., Carozza, P. and Picker, C. 2008.</span><i><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;"> <a href="http://www.amazon.com/Comparative-Legal-Traditions-Nutshell/dp/0314184287/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1261886217&sr=1-1">Comparative Legal Traditions in a Nutshell</a>.</span></i><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;"> West.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">Kempin</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">, F. 1990. <i><a href="http://www.amazon.com/Historical-Introduction-Anglo-American-Law-Nutshell/dp/0314747087">Historical Introduction to Anglo-American Law in a Nutshell</a>. </i>West Group Publishing.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">Merryman</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">, J. and Perez-Perdomo, R. 2007.</span><i><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;"> <a href="http://www.amazon.com/Civil-Law-Tradition-3rd-Introduction/dp/0804755698/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1261885788&sr=1-1">The Civil Law Tradition: An Introduction to the Legal Systems of Europe and Latin America</a>. </span></i><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">Stanford</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;"> University Press.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">Séroussi</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">, R. 2003.<i> </i></span><i><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://www.amazon.com/Introduction-aux-droits-anglais-am%C3%A9ricains/dp/2100070908/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1261885954&sr=1-1"><span lang="FR">Introduction aux droits anglais et américains</span></a></span></i><i><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">. </span></i><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">Dunod</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">.†</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">Weston, M. 1991.<i> <a href="http://www.amazon.com/English-Readers-Guide-French-System/dp/0854966420/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1261885928&sr=1-1">An English Reader’s Guide to the French Legal System</a>.</i> Berg Publishers.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 11pt;">Monolingual Legal Resources (Print)<o:p></o:p></span></b><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">Garner, B. ed., <i>Black’s Law Dictionary</i>†† (English)<o:p></o:p></span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">Boyé</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">, E. 2001. </span><i><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://www.amazon.com/LAnglais-contrats-internationaux-Eric-Boy%C3%A9/dp/2711133206/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1261889002&sr=1-1"><span lang="FR">L’anglais des contrats internationaux</span></a></span></i><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">. </span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">Litec</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">.†</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">Cohen, M. 2007. <i><a href="http://www.amazon.com/Legal-Research-Nutshell-Morris-Cohen/dp/0314180079/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1261889919&sr=1-1">Legal Research in a Nutshell</a></i>. Thomson West.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">Corbière, F. 1993. </span><i><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://www.amazon.com/mots-cl%C3%A9s-du-droit-Corbiere-Frederique/dp/2853945634/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1261889975&sr=1-1"><span lang="FR">Les mots-clés du droit</span></a></span></i><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">. </span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">Breal</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">.</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;"> <o:p></o:p></span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 11pt;">Bilingual Legal Resources (Print)<o:p></o:p></span></b><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">Bridge, F. H.S. 1994. <i><a href="http://www.amazon.com/Council-Europe-French-English-Dictionary-International/dp/9287124965/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1261890089&sr=1-1">The Council of Europe French-English Legal Dictionary</a></i>. </span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">Council of Europe.††<o:p></o:p></span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">Dhuicq</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">, B. and Frison, D. </span><i><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://www.amazon.fr/Lexique-bilingue-langlais-juridique-Fran%C3%A7ais/dp/2266096338/ref=sr_1_2?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1261890328&sr=8-2"><span lang="FR">Lexique bilingue de l’anglais juridique</span></a></span></i><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">. Pocket.†<o:p></o:p></span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">Guillien</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">, R. and Vincent, J. 2010. </span><i><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://www.amazon.fr/Lexique-termes-juridiques-Raymond-Guillien/dp/2247083609/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1261890381&sr=1-1"><span lang="FR">Lexique des termes juridiques</span></a></span></i><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">. Dalloz-Sirey. <o:p></o:p></span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">Kurgansky</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">, A., et al. 1992. </span><i><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://www.amazon.com/Dictionnaire-Economique-Juridique-Kurgansky-Spindler/dp/B000W5583C/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1261890200&sr=1-1"><span lang="FR">Dictionnaire économique et juridique</span></a></span></i><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">. </span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">L.G.D.J.</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">Robert & Collins Super Senior French to English and English to French Dictionary</span></i><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">.</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">2 Volumes. ††<o:p></o:p></span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">de</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;"> Saxcé, F. 2007. </span><i><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://www.amazon.ca/dictionnaire-comptable-financier-fran%C3%87ais-anglais/dp/2950121330"><span lang="FR">Dictionnaire comptable, fiscal et financier</span></a></span></i><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">. French & European Publications.††<o:p></o:p></span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 11pt;">Monolingual Legal Resources (Online)<o:p></o:p></span></b><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://www.murielle-cahen.com/lexique.asp">Avocat On-line</a> *** (French)<o:p></o:p></span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://www.bbp-avocats.com/glossaire-juridique.asp"><span lang="FR">BBP Avocats</span></a></span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;"> *** (French)<o:p></o:p></span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://www.droit.pratique.fr/dictionnaire_juridique.php"><span lang="FR">Droit Pratique</span></a></span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;"> *** (French)<o:p></o:p></span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://duhaime.org/LegalDictionary.aspx">Duhaime’s Legal Dictionary</a> *** (English)<o:p></o:p></span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">French Ministry of Justice: <a href="http://www.justice.gouv.fr/index.php?rubrique=11199">Les Mots Clés de la Justice</a> *** (French)<o:p></o:p></span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><st1:place w:st="on"><st1:placename w:st="on"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">Harvard</span></st1:placename><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;"> <st1:placename w:st="on">Law</st1:placename> <st1:placetype w:st="on">School</st1:placetype></span></st1:place><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">: <a href="http://www.law.harvard.edu/library/research/guides/one_l_dictionary.html">One-L Dictionary</a> *** (English)<o:p></o:p></span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><st1:place w:st="on"><st1:placename w:st="on"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">Harvard</span></st1:placename><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;"> <st1:placename w:st="on">Law</st1:placename> <st1:placetype w:st="on">School</st1:placetype></span></st1:place><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">: <a href="http://www.law.harvard.edu/library/research/guides/int_foreign/canada/index.html">Canadian Legal Research Guide</a> ** (English)<o:p></o:p></span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://www.vivre-au-quotidien.com/le-juridique-au-quotidien/lexique-de-la-justice-a/lexique-de-la-justice-a.htm"><span lang="FR">Petite Lexique de la Justice</span></a></span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;"> *** (French)<o:p></o:p></span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">Tjaden</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">, T. 2008. <i>Doing Legal Research in Canada - Introduction: The Canadian Legal System </i><a href="http://www.llrx.com/features/ca_intro.htm">http://www.llrx.com/features/ca_intro.htm</a> ** (English)<o:p></o:p></span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://uscode.house.gov/">United States Code</a> * (English)<o:p></o:p></span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 11pt;">Bilingual or Multilingual Legal Resources (Online)<o:p></o:p></span></b><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">French Civil Code in <a href="http://www.droit.org/jo/copdf/Civil.pdf">French</a> (PDF format) and in English <a href="http://www.lexinter.net/ENGLISH/civil_code.htm">here</a> and <a href="http://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/html/codes_traduits/code_civil_textA.htm">here</a>. </span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">*<o:p></o:p></span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">Greffe du Tribunal de Commerce de Paris, </span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://www.users.globalnet.co.uk/%7Elalmy/english/www.greffe-tc-paris.fr/anglais/lexique/lexique-GB.pdf"><span lang="FR">French-English Dictionary for Use at the Greffe du Tribunal de Commerce de Paris</span></a></span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;"> (PDF format) ***<o:p></o:p></span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://www.icj-cij.org/docket/index.php?p1=3"><span lang="FR">International Court of Justice</span></a></span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;"> * <o:p></o:p></span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://csc.lexum.umontreal.ca/fr/index.html"><span lang="FR">Jugements de la Cour suprème du Canada</span></a></span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;"> *<o:p></o:p></span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://sabik.umcm.ca/cttj/juriterm.dll/EXEC">Juriterm</a> ** <o:p></o:p></span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">NATO <a href="http://www.nato.int/docu/stanag/aap015/2005-aap15.pdf">Glossary of Abbreviations Used in NATO Documents and Publications</a> (PDF format) ***<o:p></o:p></span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">Québec Civil Code (in <a href="http://www2.publicationsduquebec.gouv.qc.ca/dynamicSearch/telecharge.php?type=2&file=/CCQ/CCQ_A.html">English</a> and in <a href="http://www2.publicationsduquebec.gouv.qc.ca/dynamicSearch/telecharge.php?type=2&file=/CCQ/CCQ.html">French</a>) * <o:p></o:p></span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 11pt;">General Online Resources ***<o:p></o:p></span></b><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">InterActive</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;"> Terminology for <st1:place w:st="on">Europe</st1:place> (<a href="http://iate.europa.eu/">IATE</a>)<o:p></o:p></span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://w3.granddictionnaire.com/btml/fra/r_motclef/index800_1.asp">Grand Dictionnaire Terminologique</a><o:p></o:p></span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://btb.termiumplus.gc.ca/tpv2alpha/alpha-eng.html?lang=eng">Termium</a><o:p></o:p></span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://www.wordreference.com/">Word Reference</a><o:p></o:p></span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">United Nations <a href="http://unterm.un.org/">Multilingual Terminology Database</a><o:p></o:p></span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">* Primary sources<o:p></o:p></span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">** Secondary sources<o:p></o:p></span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">*** Tertiary sources<o:p></o:p></span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">† Out of print/limited availability, check your library and second hand stores<o:p></o:p></span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">†† Indispensable, according to the presenter.</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">Disclaimer:<o:p></o:p></span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">Hyperlinks to Amazon.com listings are provided for information only and is</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;"> not an endorsement of this bookseller over any other.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div></div>à proposhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03893004558708402586noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3624339048396268932.post-84425462487250288262009-12-17T02:21:00.005+01:002010-11-09T15:44:03.607+01:00Conference session review: “Anatomy of a Patent” (session LAW-8) by Dr. Bruce D. Popp<div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><i>Review by Stephanie Strobel<o:p></o:p></i></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.atanet.org/conf/2009/speakerbios.php#P">Bruce D. Popp</a> was awarded a Ph.D. in astronomy by Harvard University. A former telecom professional, he now translates technical subjects from French to English. He has near-term plans to sit for the US Patent and Trademark Office registration exam to become a Patent Agent.<br />
<br />
Dr. Popp shared a slice of his intimate knowledge of US and European patents during his presentation <a href="https://www.atanet.org/conf/2009/byspecial.php#LAW-8">“Anatomy of a Patent”</a> at the 50th ATA Annual Conference held in New York City. At the start of the session Dr. Popp provided a list of resources (see the end of this article).<br />
<br />
Prior to the dissection of the selected specimen, Dr. Popp shared some of the types of patents that exist: Utility, Design, and Plant. Among other things, we learned what can be patented: “any new and useful process, machine, manufacture, or composition of matter, or any new and useful improvement thereof,” and what cannot be patented: natural phenomena, mathematical algorithms and purely mental concepts.<br />
<br />
The subject of the dissection was the patent for an item we could easily grasp: a humble pizza box with an improved closure, US Patent 5,702,054. Dr. Popp discussed the cover page of our specimen, pointing out what to expect and noting what was missing from this particular patent.<br />
<br />
We got an up close and personal look at the form and content of the claims section. To be able to file a patent application, it must have at least one claim. Claims can be independent or dependent. An independent claim stands on its own and might describe a widget for example, while a dependent claim refers back to a previous claim and further restricts the subject of the claim, perhaps specifying that the widget is blue. Dr. Popp stated that the US Patent Office charges additional fees for patents with over three independent claims or more than 20 total claims.<br />
<br />
Dr. Popp highlighted the differences, US vs. Europe, regarding “multiply dependent” claims. A multiply dependent claim is a dependent claim that refers back to more than one previous claim. European practice makes extensive use of multiply dependent claims, while US Patent Office rules limit the use of multiply dependent claims and charge additional fees when they are used. One interesting and possibly confusing feature of the US patent is that even though it has numerous headings, the most important section, the claims section, ironically has no heading at all.<br />
<br />
Though the queries from attendees tempted him, Dr. Popp deftly avoided delving into the physiology of the patent and remained focused on its anatomy.<br />
<br />
By the way, Dr. Popp’s personal favorite patent is US Patent 5,406,549 in the telecom sector.<br />
<br />
Here are Dr. Popp’s recommendations for those interested in developing patent translation skills: </div><div></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
1. Find a patent in your target language, in a domain you are comfortable with, and become familiar with the format and terminology.<br />
<br />
2. Press on. Patents repeat information three times. So if you don’t understand something, continue reading and it may be explained more clearly later in the document.<br />
<br />
3. Your translation must be faithful to the original text. Don’t add anything. If you find an error (suppose the source says “up” when it should obviously say “down”), it is best to make a note of this on a separate sheet of translator’s notes. You may also make a note of any other problem. Making corrections is the patent practitioner’s job. The translator’s notes will make that job easier. Your client may of course have a different preference. </div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><br />
<b>Resources</b></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><br />
</div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><u>Print Resources</u><b><u><o:p></o:p></u></b></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="line-height: 115%;">Carroll, Alison, ed. <i>The Patent Translator’s Handbook. </i>Alexandria, Virginia: American Translators Association, 2007. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%;">(</span><a href="http://atanet.org/publications/index.php"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%;">http://atanet.org/publications/index.php</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%;">).</span><span style="line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span style="line-height: 115%;">Pressman, David. <i>Patent it Yourself</i>, 14<sup>th</sup> edition, Nolo Press.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><br />
</div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><u><span style="line-height: 115%;">Internet Resources</span></u></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><u><span style="line-height: 115%;"><br />
</span></u><b><u><span style="line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></b></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><i><span style="line-height: 115%;">Copies of Patents<o:p></o:p></span></i></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><a href="http://www.freepatentsonline.com/"><span style="line-height: 115%;">http://www.freepatentsonline.com/</span></a><span style="color: black; line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="line-height: 115%;">US, EP, PCT, and Patent Abstracts of Japan (English interface)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><br />
</div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><a href="http://ep.espacenet.com/"><span style="line-height: 115%;">http://ep.espacenet.com/</span></a><span style="color: black; line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="line-height: 115%;">EP, <st1:country-region w:st="on">US</st1:country-region>, many other countries (English/French/German interface)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><br />
</div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><a href="http://www.wipo.int/pctdb/en/"><span style="line-height: 115%;">http://www.wipo.int/pctdb/en/</span></a><span style="color: black; line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="line-height: 115%;">PCT Applications (interfaces in various languages)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><br />
</div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><a href="http://www.wipo.int/patentscope/en/search/national_databases.html"><span style="line-height: 115%;">http://www.wipo.int/patentscope/en/search/national_databases.html</span></a><span style="color: black; line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="line-height: 115%;">Links to national patent offices<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><br />
</div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><i><span style="line-height: 115%;">Sources for Legislation, Regulation and Treaties<o:p></o:p></span></i></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><a href="http://www.uspto.gov/web/offices/pac/mpep/mpep.htm"><span style="line-height: 115%;">http://www.uspto.gov/web/offices/pac/mpep/mpep.htm</span></a><span style="color: black; line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="line-height: 115%;">(Title 35 of U.S. Code and Title 37 of Code of Federal Regulation, also <i>Manual of Patent Examination Procedure</i>)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><br />
</div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><a href="http://www.epo.org/patents/law/legal-texts/epc.html"><span style="line-height: 115%;">http://www.epo.org/patents/law/legal-texts/epc.html</span></a><span style="color: black; line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="line-height: 115%;">European Patent Convention (governs European Patent Office) published in three languages, presented in parallel<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><br />
</div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><a href="http://www.wipo.int/pct/en/"><span style="line-height: 115%;">http://www.wipo.int/pct/en/</span></a><span style="color: black; line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="line-height: 115%;">Patent Cooperation Treaty, available in various languages<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><br />
</div><a href="http://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/initRechCodeArticle.do"><span lang="FR" style="line-height: 115%;">http://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/initRechCodeArticle.do</span></a><span style="color: black; line-height: 115%;"> </span><span lang="FR" style="line-height: 115%;">(on the pull-down, choose </span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">“</span><span lang="FR" style="line-height: 115%;">Code de la propriété intellectuelle</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">”</span><span lang="FR" style="line-height: 115%;">)</span><br />
<span lang="FR" style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: white;">0 </span></span><br />
<span lang="FR" style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: white;">0 </span></span><span lang="FR" style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: white;"><br />
</span></span>à proposhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03893004558708402586noreply@blogger.com0